朗格汉斯细胞相关细胞因子的研究进展

The recognition of Langerhans cell-related cytokines

朗格汉斯细胞(langerhans cell,LCs)属于树突状细胞系统中的独特类型,是表皮惟一的专职抗原提呈细胞,在皮肤免疫反应中发挥重要作用。该文论述了LCs相关细胞因子的作用,Langerin(CD207)不仅参与伯贝克颗粒(Birbeck)形成,也具有抵御人类免疫缺陷病毒-1(human immunodeficiency virus-1,HIV-1)感染的作用。转化生长因子-β(transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β)是LCs发育和功能维持的关键因子,直接影响表皮LCs的生成。E-钙黏蛋白是LCs的表皮黏合剂,参与LCs迁移和表皮免疫调节。白细胞介素(IL)-34和集落刺激因子-1(colony-stimulating factor 1,CSF-1)参与炎症损伤后LCs再生,与集落刺激因子受体-1(colony stimulating factors receptor1,CSFR1)结合后影响LCs生物学状态。转录因子干扰素调节因子4(interferon regulatory factor 4,IRF4)和IRF8参与前体细胞向LCs的分化过程。LCs活化T淋巴细胞依赖于相关细胞因子的辅助。

Langerhans cells（LCs） play a critical role as the exclusive antigen presenting cells in epidermis which belong to a specific subset of dendritic cell system. This review mainly analyzes the function of Langerhans cell-related cytokines. Langerin, which belongs to C-type lectin, not only participates in forming Birbeck granules （an important marker to define LCs）, but also protects LCs from the infection of HIV-1. TGF-β is involved in establishing and maintaining of LCs network, TGF-β pathway is regulated by transcription factors PU.1 and Id2 which control the differentiation of LCs. E-cadherin is not only an epithelial glue of LCs but also an immulogical regulator. IL-34 is mainly involved in activating T cells and CSF-1 renews LCs network under inflammation settings, which all affect the development of LCs while combined with CSFR1. IRF4 and IRF8 regulate LCs ontogeny on precursor cells level. Otherwise, Langerhans cell-related cytokines also promote the activation of T cells.