冬瓜籽油的理化性质及成分分析

Physicochemical properties and component of Chinese waxgourd seed oil

对冬瓜籽油的理化性质及成分进行分析。结果表明:冬瓜籽含油量32%,其油脂酸值(KOH)1.43 mg/g、碘值(I)106.4 g/100 g、过氧化值4.81 mmol/kg、K_(232)及K_(270)分别为0.36、0.44;紫外吸收光谱发现冬瓜籽油在290~400 nm处具有一定吸收;红外谱图显示冬瓜籽油具有与葵花籽油相似的特征吸收峰;差示扫描量热分析表明相较于富含不饱和脂肪酸油样,冬瓜籽油具有较高的熔融温度;热重分析发现冬瓜籽油在空气气氛下失重速率峰值温度与橄榄油相似;冬瓜籽油含有15种脂肪酸,主要以亚油酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸为主,不饱和脂肪酸含量53.11%;冬瓜籽油的α-V_E、叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量分别为65.2、1.11、1.20 mg/kg。

The physicoehemical properties and component of Chinese waxgourd seed oil were analyzed. The results showed that the oil content of Chinese waxgourd seed and acid value, iodine value, peroxide value, Kz32 and K270 of Chinese waxgourd seed oil were 32%, 1.43 mgKOH/g, 106.4 gI/100 g, 4.81 mmoL/kg, 0.36 and 0.44, respectively. UV - Vis results indicated that the Chinese waxgourd seed oil had certain absorbance in the range of 290 -400 nm. Infrared spectrum results showed that Chinese waxgourd seed oil had the characteristic absorption peaks similar with sunflower seed oil. Differential scanning calorimetry（ DSC ） resuhs indicated that Chinese waxgourd seed oil had high melting temperature compared with oil sample with high content of unsaturated fatty acids. Thermal gravity analysis （TGA） results indicated that the peak temperature of decomposition of Chinese waxgourd seed oil was similar to olive oil in air atmosphere. Fifteen kinds of fatty acids were detected in Chinese waxgourd seed oil, the main fatty acids were linoleic acid, palmitie acid, stearic acid and oleic acid, and the content of unsatu- rated fatty acids reached 53.11%. The contents of a - VE, chlorophyll and carotenoid in Chinese wax- gourd seed oil were 65.2, 1.11 mg/kg and 1.20 mg/kg, respectively.