混合稀土对过共晶Al-20Si合金显微组织与力学性能的影响

Effect of mischmetal on microstructure and mechanical properties of hypereutectic Al-20Si alloy

采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、电子探针及力学性能测试,研究了不同比例的混合稀土Pr和Y对过共晶Al-20Si合金显微组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明:Al-20Si合金中添加稀土Pr和Y能使合金中粗大的块状及五瓣星状初生Si变质为细小的块状和部分粒化;当Pr和Y按质量比1:1的比例混合(0.5%Pr、0.5%Y,质量分数)时,细化效果最为显著,初生Si尺寸由96μm减小到41μm,减小57.3%,共晶Si由粗大的针片状变质为类蠕点状;此时,合金的抗拉强度由93 MPa提高到143 MPa,伸长率从1.12%提高到2.79%,分别提高53.8%和149%。

By optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, electron probe analysis and mechanical property test, the effects of mischmetal Pr and Y on the microstructure and mechanical properties of hypereutectic Al-20 Si alloy were investigated. The results show that the addition of mischmetal Pr and Y can effectively modify the primary Si from coarse polygonal and star-like shape to fine blocky shape with smooth edges and corners. When the mass ratio of mischmetal Pr and Y is 1：1（0.5%Pr, 0.5%Y（mass fraction））, the consequence of modification is the best on primary silicon and eutectic silicon, the size of primary silicon reduces by 57.3% from 96 μm to 41 μm. In addition, the morphology of eutectic silicon changes from coarse platelet-like/needle-like structure to fine fibrous structure and worm-like. The ultimate tensile strength increases by 53.8% from 93 MPa to 143 MPa, and the elongation increases by 149% from 1.12% to 2.79%, respectively.