国外同行评议专家信用管理模式的比较研究

A Comparative Study on Credit Management Patterns of Peer-reviewed Experts of Foreign Research Funding Organizations

本文综合采用文献调研和内容分析方法,对国外8所卓越科研项目资助机构的专家管理内容进行调研,结果发现在专家遴选要求、专家职责、利益冲突及管理和保密性措施等方面,由于各机构的创办理念、任务定位等方面的差异而产生各具特色的专家信用管理模式。通过比较分析不同专家管理模式,进而归纳总结其管理经验,以期为我国同行评议专家信用管理体系的构建和完善提供一定的借鉴作用和有益启示。

Peer review is an important method in the scientific research evaluation, and the expert management is key of the whole process. This study investigated the contents of expert management patterns of eight excellent for- eign research funding organizations by the methods of literature research and content analysis. The results showed that the contents of expert management are different in 8 organizations, which depended on their task orientation. The analysis showed that,firstly in terms of expert selection requirements, it should be more concerned about the diversity in expertise and experience; secondly,in terms of expert duties, it is necessary to make the expert respon sibility more specific; thirdly, in terms of interest conflicts management, it is important to make rules of the experts conflict of interest and develop appropriate punitive measures; finally, in terms of confidentiality measures, it is also required to take security measures to guarantee the information safety. This paper hopes to provide certain reference meanings for the construction of credit management system of Peer--reviewed experts in China.