清代小说评点的征实倾向与文献价值

On the Factual Tendencies and Documentary Values of the Novel Comments in the Qing Dynasty

在考据学影响之下,清代的小说评点具有突出的征实倾向与文献价值。其征实倾向主要表现在评点者对征实的直言倡导,在评点中引证旁证材料以征实小说内容,在评点中以评点者亲身经历之事为小说内容作注脚等方面。其文献价值主要有呈现清代方方面面的社会生活,记录清代的风俗习惯,记录大量的文史资料等。清代小说评点的浓厚征实倾向文献价值与评点者传统的小说补史观念有着密切关系。清代的小说评点深受考据之风的影响,它留下的文献是不可多得的研究资料,其价值有待更深入的挖掘。

With the influence of textology, novel comments in the Qing dynasty presented some prominent factual tendencies and documentary value. The former mainly included following aspects. Firstly, commentators advocated factuality directly. Secondly,they quoted and cited material extensively to testify the content of novels. Finally, they made footnotes for the content of the novel during making comments with their own personal experiences. As for the documentary value,they presented the social life of all aspects in the Qing dynasty, recorded the customs of that time and kept a large number of cultural and historical documents of the past events. The features mentioned above had some intimate connections with the commentator＇ s traditional concept that novel was a supplement of history to some extent. Deeply influenced by the textology,the novel comments in the Qing dynasty reserve some precious ma- terials for the researchers, and their value remains to be further explored.