审美民族性与德国古典美学

Aesthetic Nationality and German Classical Aesthetics

民族性和审美民族性问题是德国启蒙主义美学的核心问题,这个问题一直延续到德国古典美学,因为德意志民族是一个"迟到的民族"。在德国启蒙主义美学中,莱辛、赫尔德、歌德、席勒都把审美民族性作为形成德意志民族的一个重要途径。德国古典美学同样十分重视审美民族性,康德、席勒、费希特、黑格尔都把审美民族性作为德意志民族国家的一个重要象征。一直到1870年代普鲁士王国统一德国为止,审美民族性问题都是德国美学关注的焦点问题。

National character and aesthetic nationalism are the core topics of the German Enlightenment aesthetics,which has been extended to the German classical aesthetics,because the German nation is the＂late nation＂.In the enlightenment aesthetics,Lessing,Herder,Goethe,and Schiller all regarded aesthetic nationalism formation as an important way to the German nation.German classical aesthetics also attaches great importance to aesthetic nationalism,Kant,Schiller,and Hagel all regarded aesthetic nationalism as an important symbol of German nation.Till the 1870 s,the unification of the kingdom of Prussia in Germany so far has become the focus of attention of the German aesthetics.