红光和远红光对番茄生长发育的影响

Effect of red light and far-red light on growth and development of tomato

【目的】研究远红光和红光对番茄幼苗形态调控及生长发育的影响。【方法】以"金棚1号"番茄为试材,设置白天远红光(白天番茄幼苗放在白光LED灯和远红光LED灯下12h,夜间黑暗)、夜间红光(白天番茄幼苗放在白光LED灯下12h,夜间用红光LED灯处理12h)和对照(白天番茄幼苗放在白光LED灯下12h,夜间黑暗)3个处理,研究白天远红光和夜间红光对番茄幼苗生长,叶绿素含量,光和特性,茎、叶中内源性生长素(IAA)和赤霉素(GA3)含量以及单果质量和单株产量的影响。【结果】与对照相比,白天远红光处理番茄幼苗的株高显著增加,番茄开花提早,番茄幼苗茎、叶中GA3和IAA含量明显增加,叶绿素含量和光合速率、第1穗果的单果质量及单株产量均降低;夜间红光处理番茄幼苗株高显著降低,番茄开花延迟,番茄幼苗叶片中GA3和IAA含量显著降低,叶绿素含量和光合速率升高,番茄第1穗果单果质量及单株产量显著增加。【结论】在实际生产过程中,可以根据不同的需求应用远红光和红光,实现对番茄幼苗株高、开花时间和营养生长阶段的精确调控。

【Objective】This study invested the effects of red light in night and far-red light in day on morphology,growth and development of tomato seedlings.【Method】＂Jinpeng No.1＂was selected to study the effect of far-red in day（tomato seedlings were put under white LED and far-red LED light 12 hin day and black in night）,red light in night（tomato seedlings were put under white LED 12 hin day and red LED light 12 hin night）and control treatment（tomato seedlings were put under white LED 12 hin day and black in night）on seeding morphogenesis,chlorophyll content,photosynthetic characteristics,flowering time,endogenous auxin（IAA）and gibberellin（GA3）level and yield of tomato.【Result】After treatment of red light in day,the stem height was increased,the flowering period was advanced and the content of IAA and GA3 in tomato leaves and stem were increased significantly.Chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate were decreased,and both average fruit weight in the first tomato cluster and yield per tomato plant reduced.On the contrary,after treatment of far-red in night,the stem height was decreased significantly.Chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate were increased,and average fruit weight in the first tomato cluster was increased significantly.【Conclusion】In practical production process,it is potential for ap-plication of far red LED and red LED for achieving the precise regulation of tomato seedling height,flowering time and vegetative growth stage according to requirements.