元杂剧自生成类成语特征分析

A Study on the Characteristics of Auto-generated Idioms in Yuan-zaju

为探究元杂剧成语自生成类的自身特色,从词汇学角度分析元杂剧有关成语语料,可以看出元杂剧自生成类成语数量众多,词法结构丰富,句法功能齐全,语义变化多样,俚俗风格鲜明,在近代汉语词汇中别具一格。采用定量分析与定性分析结合的方法,依照构词法结构标准,确定元杂剧全部自生成类成语的数量:联合短语606例,主谓短语120例,紧缩短语35例等,理清自生成类成语的语义变迁及其流传情况,探讨了元杂剧成语的俚俗特色及其原因,对元杂剧自生类成语特点作了较为全面的分析。

From the perspective of lexicology, Yuan za-ju is rich in language materials, including a large num- ber of auto-generated idioms, diverse lexical structures, complete syntactic functions, variable semantic changes, and slangy characteristics. It is unique in modem Chinese vocabulary. Based on quantitative and qualitative analy- sis, and classification of lexical structures, the number of auto-generated idioms in Yuan-zaju has been determined with 606 combined phrases, 120 subject-predicate phrases, 35 reduced phrases, ect.. The syntactic functions, se- mantic changes and the spread of these idioms have been analyzed in detail. The author makes a rather comprehen- sive analysis on the characteristics of idioms in Yuan-zaju and studies their slangy characteristics and reasons with examples.