审判中心主义视角下有效辩护的实现

The Realization of Effective Defense under the Perspective of Centralism Judgement

有效辩护的构成应当包括辩护人的参与、辩护人提供认真、专业、合理且尽职的辩护行为,以及辩护行为能够达到一定的诉讼效果。关于有效辩护的评价标准,欧洲采取的是正向构建模式,美国采取的是无效辩护否定模式。我国引入了有效辩护的理念,但由于有效辩护的需求与供给之间的差距较大,有效辩护的现状并不乐观。从典型案例来看,有效辩护中常见的有利于被告人的辩护要点,对今后有效辩护的开展有指导作用。在审判中心主义的改革背景下,发挥律师刑事辩护的积极作用是审判中心主义的应然要求和实然需求。为充分发挥有效辩护的作用,应树立有效辩护的理念、提高有效辩护的能力、设立相应的惩戒机制、提升律师执业水平。

The composition of effective defense should include the defender＇s participation, the conscientious, professional, reasonable and due diligence by the defender, and take defense action to achieve certain effect of lawsuit. With regard to the evaluation standard of effective defense, Europe adopted the positive construction model, and the United States adopted the ineffective defense negative model. China has introduced the concept of effective defense, but there is a wide gap between demand and supply of effective defense, the situation of effective defense is not optimistic. Through the typical case, the common points in effective defense are beneficial to the defendant＇s defense, it can guide the development of effective defense in the future. Under the background of the reform of centralism judgement, the positive role of lawyer＇s criminal defense is the necessary requirement and actual demand of centralism judgement. In order to give full play to the role of effective defense, each subject should establish the concept of effective defense, improve the ability of effective defense, relevant institutions should set up corresponding punishment mechanism, and enhance the professional level of lawyers.