基于网格的动态能量阈值的簇头选择算法

Grid Dynamic Energy Threshold-Based Cluster Header Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Network

有效地使用传感节点的能量进而延长网络寿命成为设计无线传感网路由协议的一项挑战性的工作。而动态簇被认为提高能量利用率的有效技术之一。然而,簇头分布不均匀加速了网络能量的消耗,降低了网络寿命。为此,提出基于网格的动态能量阈值的簇头选择算法GDET-CH(Grid Dynamic Energy Threshold-based Cluster Header),平衡簇头分布。GDET-CH算法先将网络区域划分多个网格,并每个网格产生一个簇头。然后,利用节点离网格中心距离和节点剩余能量选择簇头。最后,引用动态能量阈值机制,只有当节点剩余能量大于能量阈值才可能成为簇头,进而平衡网络能耗。实验数据表明,与DDEEC和EDDDEC算法相比,GDET-CH算法的网络寿命分别提高了近24.5%和36%。

Using the energy of sensor nodes efficiently to prolong the network lifetime is a chief challenge for designing routing protocols. Dynamic clustering is generally considered as one of the energy conservation techniques,but unbalanced distribution of cluster heads in clusters tend to drain out the network energy quickly resulting premature decrease in network lifetime. Grid dynamic energy threshold-based Cluster header（ GDET-CH） algorithm is proposed in this paper,which balanced the distribution of cluster heads. In GDET-CH,Firstly,the whole network is divided into non-overlapping uniform grids,and each grid has a cluster head. Then,Distance from the center of grid and residual energy of node are both considered into selecting cluster head. Finally,GDET-CH introduces the dynamic energy threshold to balance the energy consumption,Only residual energy is more than threshold,the node may to be a cluster head. From simulation results,it is observed that the proposed clustering scheme enhances network lifetime by 24.5% and 36% as compared to existing schemes e.g. DDEEC and EDDEEC respectively.