2005-2016年遵义市汇川区法定传染病疫情分析

The Epidemic Situation of Statutory Infectious Diseases in Huichuan District of Zunyi City From 2005 to 2016

目的分析遵义市汇川区2005-2016年传染病疫情流行病学分布特征,为今后制定传染病防控策略提供科学依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法对疫情信息资料进行统计分析。结果 2005-2016年遵义市汇川区共报告甲乙丙类传染病26种39 107例(其中霍乱1例)、死亡56例,年均报告发病率为818.68/10万,年均报告死亡率1.17/10万,病死率为0.14%。乙类传染病发病率呈逐年下降趋势(χ~2=1 256.24,P<0.05),丙类传染病发病发病率呈逐年上升趋势(χ~2=3 082.79,P<0.05)。乙类传染病无明显季节性;丙类传染病4~7月为发病高峰。城区发病大于农村发病。发病以0~3岁及20~40岁组居多,以散居儿童、农民、家务及待业、学生、托幼儿童为主。男女性别比为1.48∶1。主要传染病为肺结核、乙肝、手足口病、其他感染性腹泻、梅毒。结论重点做好肺结核患者发现及治愈,提高疫苗预防接种质量;加强多部门协作,做好针对性健康教育等工作,发挥群防群控合力,有效落实各项防控措施,同时警惕输入性病例传播。

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases epidemic in Huichuan District of Zunyi city from 2005 to 2016 and provide scientific evidence for the future strategies development of infectious disease prevention and control. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic information. Results There were 39 107 cases （including cholera, 1 case） in total, 56 dead cases. The average reported incidence rate was 818.68 / 105 , and the annual mortality rate was 1.17 / 10 million, the mortality rate of 0. 14%. The incidence of B -type infectious diseases was decreased （X^2 = 1 256.24, P 〈 0.05）. The incidence of C - type infectious diseases was increased year by year （X^2 = 3 082.79, P 〈0.05）. B -type infectious diseases was no obvious seasonal; C -type infectious disease was from April to July for the peak incidence. The incidence of urban disease was higher than the incidence of rural areas. The incidence of 0 -3 years old and 20 -40 year -old groups were the majority for scattered children, farmers, housework and unemployed, students, children - based children. The male to female ratio was 1.48： 1. The main infectious diseases were tuberculosis, hepatitis B, hand - foot - mouth disease, other infectious diarrhea, and syphilis. Conclusion on pulmonary tuberculosis patients improving vacination quality, It should be focused test and therapy, multi - sectoral collaboration and educaiton for effective implementation the prevention and control.