核电站滞留床用活性炭的性能研究和选择

Performance research and selection of activated carbons used in delay bed of nuclear power plants

建立可模拟核电站不同气流参数条件下的活性炭吸附剂性能评价系统,对不同活性炭样品分别进行了物理性能表征测试和放射性氪与氙滞留性能实验。同时针对不同影响因素条件下活性炭滞留惰性气体性能的影响进行了研究,包括系统气流压力、温度、气流比速及辐照强度。试验结果显示系统气流压力越高、温度越低,氪动态吸附系数越大;一定范围的气流比速、辐照强度对活性炭动态吸附系数的影响可以忽略。得到的活性炭吸附剂样品具有良好的物理性能与惰性气体滞留性能,可应用于核电站废气处理系统活性炭滞留单元。

A delay bed system for evaluating the performances of various kinds of activated carbons is established,and the retaining performances for radioactive krypton and xenon with different kinds of activated carbons were conducted. The effects of parameters,including system pressure,temperature of carrier gas,gas flow rate,and radiation intensity,etc.,on retaining performances for krypton and xenon with activated carbons were carried out. It is known from experimental results that dynamic adsorption efficiency becomes bigger when pressure becomes higher and temperature becomes lower,and the affections of gas flow rate and radiation intensity are slight and neglected. The selected kinds of activated carbons all have satisfied physical properties and retaining capability for radioactive noble gas. The selected kinds of activated carbons satisfy the design requirements of radioactive gaseous treatment system and can be used in nuclear power plants.