“活”的英文：林语堂意念教学的言语交际意蕴--以《开明英文读本》及《开明英文文法》为例

Living English: The Implication of Speech Communication in Lin Yutang's Teaching Thought of Notions——Take Kaiming English Book and Kaiming English Grammar for Example

林语堂认为英文是活的语言,他编著中学教科书《开明英文读本》和《开明英文文法》,首次提出"意念"及其表达,蕴含着丰富的意念教学思想。在教学观方面,教科书在丰富的文化背景中凸显各种意象,以使学生体验多样表达方式;在教学途径方面,教科书呈现大量生活化语汇,设计练习模仿范例,以使学生能观察变化规律;在教学技巧方面,教科书倡导整句的仿效与熟诵,以及反复口讲。林语堂的意念教学旨在明确语言学习的目的在于交际,通过唤醒交际主体意识,按交际意图以言行事,最终理解言语的情景语境与文化语境,体现了语言学习合目的性与合规律性的统一。

English is a kind of living language in Lin Yutang's opinion. He wrote Kaiming English Book and Kaiming English Grammar two sets of English textbooks. In textbooks,he advocated "notion"and "expression of the notions"for the first time,formed affluent teaching thought of notions. In the view of teaching concept,it emphasizes formation of images in rich cultural background to make students experience a variety of expression. In the aspect of teaching way,it presents life oriented vocabulary,which make students imitate examples and observe the change regulation carefully. In the idea of teaching skills,it advocates to learn whole sentence,imitate and recite the sentence and speak repeatedly. Lin Yutang's teaching thought of notions cleared the learning purpose is to communicate. We must awaken the awareness of the communicative subjects and according to the communicative intention of illocutionary act,to understand the situational context and cultural context of parole finally,which highlight the unity of purpose and regularity of parole learning.