新疆南疆义务教育教师队伍建设的进展、问题与对策——基于S县和X县的调研

The Building of Teacher Team for Compulsory Education in Southern Xinjiang——Based on a Survey in S County and X County

教师队伍建设是推进新疆南疆义务教育均衡发展和提升双语教育质量的关键。近年来新疆南疆义务教育教师队伍在数量和质量上都有了较大改善,但依然存在教师总量不足、双语教师更为短缺、教师队伍学科结构不合理、乡村教师流失、双语教师质量有待进一步提升等问题。同时,制约和影响南疆教师队伍建设的因素主要有教师编制管理不够完善、教师队伍建设投入不足、教师的工作任务繁重、双语教师培训效果不理想等。因此,推进南疆义务教育师资建设需要完善教师编制管理、提升教师的总报酬水平、健全教师培养、补充与退出机制、尊重教师的专业自主性并完善双语教师培训体系。

The development of teachers is the key factor in accelerating the development of compulsory education and promoting the quality of bilingual education.Despite the progress made in the quality and quantity of teachers in Southern Xinjiang,there are still some problems：shortage of teachers,especially bilingual teachers,the imbalance in the teacher team structure,the loss of rural teachers,the quality of bilingual teachers.There are other restrains as well：inadequate management of teachers,lack of support,overloaded tasks,the unsatisfactory effect of the teacher training.In order to promote the development of teachers,what needs to be done is to improve the management of teacher establishment,to raise the overall level of teachers＇income,to perfect the mechanism of teacher training,and recruiting and withdrawal mechanism,to respect teachers＇professional autonomy,and to perfect bilingual teacher training system.