固定化硝化细菌与聚磷菌对南昌市内河流水污染物降解的研究

Research on degradation of the river pollutants in Nanchang City based on immobilized nitrifying bacteria and phosphate accumulating organisms

针对南昌市主要内河流的污染问题,结合南昌市主要内河流抚河故道和玉带河的水质现状特点,筛选出了优势硝化细菌和聚磷菌,并研究优势菌种对南昌市内河流中氨氮、总磷的固定化降解效果。结果表明:硝化菌XH3对亚硝酸盐氮的降解率最高达到100%,硝化菌YH3对氨氮的降解率为82.75%,聚磷菌JP2对总磷的降解率为58.57%;优势菌株XH3、YH3、JP2按照质量比1∶1∶1的比例进行配比,发现三者配比的混合菌对氨氮、总磷的降解率达85%、22.86%;通过采用PVA+添加剂制备了含优势菌种的固定化载体,利用该载体研究在曝气24 h条件下对南昌内河流中氨氮、总磷的降解效果,研究表明该载体对模拟南昌市内河流中氨氮、总磷的降解效果分别能达到82.70%、79.27%。综合分析得出,该方法为南昌市内河流的整治提供了一个可行的有效途径。

According to the present situation of the main river pollution in Nanchang City,based on the characteristics of the water quality of the main river in Nanchang city,Yudai river and the old river of Fuhe river,the dominant nitrifying bacteria and phosphorus accumulating organisms（ PAOs） bacteria were screened out,and the superiority strains immobilized degradation effect of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorusin in Nanchang city rivers was studied. The results showed that the degradation rate of nitrite nitrogen by nitrifying bacteria XH3 was up to 100%,that of nitrifying bacteria YH3 was 82. 75%,and the degradation rate of total phosphorus by PAOs JP2 was 58. 57%. The dominant strains XH3,YH3 and JP2 were proportioned according to the mass ratio of 1∶ 1∶ 1,and the degradation rates of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus rate reached 85%,22. 86%,respectively. Using PVA ＋ additives,the immobilized carrier of dominant strain was prepared and used to study the degradation effect of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in Nanchang river under aeration 24 h. The results showed that the carrier can effectively reduce the ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in the Nanchang river by 82. 70 and 79. 27%. The method provides a feasible and effective way for the improvement of the river in Nanchang city.