基于生态水力半径法的贾鲁河生态需水量计算

Ecological hydraulic radius approach and its applications in ecological water demand calculation in the Jialu River Basin

介绍了生态水力半径法的计算过程,并以淮河的二级支流贾鲁河为例计算了中牟和扶沟两个水文站不同水文频率年对应的最小生态需水量。根据研究区域的气候、地理特征和流域范围内鱼类对流速的要求对Tennant法的计算标准进行修正,并使用修正后的Tennant法对中牟和扶沟水文站最小生态需水量的计算结果进行验证。结果表明,生态水力半径法得到的中牟站丰、平、枯水年和扶沟站丰、平水年最小生态需水量计算结果是合理的,扶沟站枯水年最小生态需水量多数月份无法满足Tennant法设定的最小值,可用Tennant法计算结果代替。该方法更多地考虑了河流水文水力学特征和河流生态系统中水生生物对栖息地的要求,具有更强的生态学意义。

In this paper,the calculation process of ecological hydrodynamic radius method was introduced. Taking the Jialu River,the second tributary of Huaihe River as an example,we calulated the minimum ecological water demand corresponding to different hydrological frequencies of two hydrological stations in Zhongmou and Fugou. Based on the regional climate and geographic features of the study area and demands of fishes on flow velocity within the river basin,the calculation standard of Tennant method was amended. The modified Tennant method was used to verify the calculation results of the minimum ecological water demand of Zhongmou hydrologic station and Fugou hydrologic station. The results showed that the calculation results of minimum ecological water demand of Zhongmou hydrologic station in high flow,normal flow and low flow year and Fugou hydrologic station in high flow and normal flow year are reasonable,but the minimum ecological water demands of Fugou hydrologic station in low flow year can＇t meet minimum value set in Tennant Approach in majority months,which can be replaced by results calculated by Tennant Approach. This approach gives more consideration on river hydrology and hydraulics features and demands of habitats for aquatic organism in river ecological system,which has more ecological significance.