2011-2012年中国八城市孕妇微量营养素摄入情况

Micronutrients intake of pregnant women from 8 cities of China during 2011 to 2012

目的了解中国八城市各妊娠阶段孕妇的膳食微量营养素摄入情况。方法2011年9月—2012年3月,采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,在北京、上海、广州、兰州、沈阳、成都、郑州和苏州募集健康孕妇,采用面对面询问的方式调查研究对象的一般情况和膳食摄入情况,计算并比较8个城市孕妇的营养素摄入状况。结果在完成调查的479名孕妇中,25.1~30岁282人(58.9%),妊娠早、中、晚期的人数各占30.3%、35.9%和33.8%。微量营养素摄入主成分分析显示,8个城市中兰州孕妇主成分综合得分最低(-0.45±0.06);摄入量方面,兰州孕妇核黄素[(0.78±0.05)mg]、维生素C[(58.79±7.21)mg]、维生素A[(222.21±22.49)μgRE]、叶酸[(215.67±23.07)μg]和钙[(346.22±28.49)mg]的摄入量均低于其他7个城市,而郑州孕妇硫铵素[(1.75±0.19)mg]、核黄素[(1.73±0.19)mg]、维生素B6[(1.63±0.20)mg]、生物素[(69.29±8.37)μg]和叶酸[(529.67±52.83)μg]等多种B族维生素,上海孕妇维生素A[(752.90±132.52)μgRE]、维生素C[(159.95±15.52)mg]及钙[(816.09±56.51)mg]的摄入量在8个城市中最高。结论中国八城市孕妇中兰州孕妇微量营养素摄入情况最差,其营养膳食需重点关注,孕妇营养素摄入与2002年相比有所改善。

Objective To investigate micronutrients intake of pregnant women in 8 cities. Methods The multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was applied in 8 cities （Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Lanzhou, Shenyang, Chengdu, Zhengzhou and Suzhou） from September 2011 to March 2012 to recruit healthy pregnant women, and then general information and dietary status were collected through face to face investigation. Nutrients intakes were calculated and analyzed then. Results There were 479 pregnantwomen in analysis, 58.9% of whom were 25.1 to 30 years old and the number of pregnant women in every trimester was approximately equal, counting for 1/3 respectively. Principal components analysis showed pregnant women in Lanzhou share poorest status of micronutrients. For pregnant women in Lanzhou, intakes of riboflavin, vitamin C, vitamin A, folacin and calcium were lowest compared with pregnant women from other 7 cities. The most B-vitamins intakes of pregnant women in Zhengzhou,and vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium intake of pregnant women in Shanghai were highest, respectively. Conclusion Of all the participants, nutritional status of pregnant women in Lanzhou was poorest compare with those in other cities and more attention should be paid on their dietary nutrition. Compared with result of 2002, nutrients intakes of pregnant women were improved in this survey.