2013—2015年陕西省居民膳食铝暴露评估

Assessment on exposure of dietary aluminium among residents in Shaanxi Province during 2013-2015

目的了解陕西省市售食品中铝的污染状况,评估陕西省居民膳食铝摄入水平及其潜在的健康风险。方法 2013—2015年在陕西省10个地市随机采集食品1331份,按照食品中铝测定的标准操作程序进行检测,结合2007年第四次中国总膳食研究中陕西省居民各类食物消费量数据,对陕西省不同性别-年龄组人群膳食铝摄入水平进行评估。结果陕西居民全人群每日每公斤铝平均摄入量为0.358 mg,占铝暂定每周允许摄入量(PTWI)的125%。不同性别-年龄组人群中2~7岁儿童、8~12岁儿童和13~19岁男性每日每公斤铝摄入量较高。对不同性别-年龄组人群膳食铝摄入贡献率最高的食物均是谷类及其制品,其次是薯类及其制品。结论陕西居民全人群膳食铝平均摄入量已超过最新的健康指导值,2~7岁儿童、8~12岁儿童和13~19岁男性是暴露量较高的人群,谷类及其制品、薯类及制品是陕西居民膳食铝摄入的主要来源,规范、合理使用含铝添加剂是控制居民膳食铝摄入的主要措施。

Objective To investigate the contamination condition of the aluminium in commercial foods in Shaanxi Province, and evaluate aluminium dietary intake level in Shaanxi population and its potential health risks. Methods 1331 samples in Shaanxi Province were collected from 2013 to 2015. The aluminium contents were detected by National Food Contamination and Harmful Factors in Risk Monitoring Manual, and data of total diet study in Shaanxi Province in 2007, to calculate dietary intake of aluminium in Shaanxi population. Results Average dietary intake of aluminium was 0. 358 mg/（kg· d） , accounted for 125% of PTWI. The dietary intake of aluminium in children aged 2 to 7 years old was highest, followed children aged 8 to 12 years old and men aged 13 to 19 years old. Grain products and potato products were the main sources of aluminium exposure compared with others. Conclusion The dietary intake of aluminium in Shaanxi population is more than the PTWI. The children aged 2 to 7 years old, children aged 8 to 12 years old and men aged 13 to 19 years old is high. Grain products and potato products are the main sources of aluminium exposure in Shaanxi population. The effective measureto control the intake of aluminium is to normalize and rationalize the use of additives containing aluminium.