联合卫星测高、GRACE、海洋和气象资料研究南海海水质量变化

Ocean Mass Variations in the South China Sea Inferred from Satellite Altimetry,GRACE,Oceanographic and Meteorological Data

首先利用重力恢复与气候实验（gravity recovery and climate experiment,GRACE）卫星重力、卫星测高和海洋温盐数据分析了2003-2012年间南海海水质量的变化特征,进而结合海洋和气象资料探讨了厄尔尼诺和南方涛动（El Ni1o-Southern Oscillation,ENSO）、净淡水通量、海水体积输送和陆地径流在此期间对南中国海海水质量变化的影响。研究结果表明,南海海水质量变化主要受海面净淡水通量和海水体积输送的联合调制影响,周边陆地径流对其影响有限。南海海水质量季节性变化显著,且具有明显的长期增加趋势;ENSO通过改变降水和黑潮自吕宋海峡流入南海的水量影响南海海水质量,使得南海海水质量存在着显著的具有ENSO特征的年际变化。

Sea level change is not uniform on the global scale.It has significant regional characteristics.The regional sea level change has more direct impact on people.The South China Sea,surrounded by China's Mainland,Taiwan Island,Philippines islands,great Sunda Islands and Indochina Peninsula,is the largest marginal sea in the equatorial region.The changes in the South China Sea have an important impact on these surrounding countries and regions.Many scholars have studied the sea level change in this area.In this paper,ocean mass variations in the South China Sea are estimated by the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment（GRACE）satellites and steric-corrected altimetry from-2003 to 2012.And then,the effects of El Ni1 o-Southern Oscillation（ENSO）,net freshwater flux,water volume transport and runoff on the ocean mass in the South China Sea during the period are discussed by using oceanographic and meteorological data.The results show that ocean mass variations in the South China Sea was dominated by sea surface net freshwater flux and sea water volume transport between the South China Sea and its adjacent seas,and the role of runoff from rivers nearby was limited.Oceanic mass variations in the South China Sea have significant seasonal characteristics with the annual cycle and a long-term increasing trend.ENSO made the ocean mass in the South China Sea change with a significant inter-annual characteristic through controlling precipitation and Kuroshio water volume transport though the Luzon Strait.The ocean mass in the South China Sea decreased during El Ni1 o and increased during La Ni1 a,and the size of changes were closely related to the intensity of ENSO event.