肝硬化门静脉高压脾切除术后门静脉血栓形成的研究进展

Research advances in portal vein thrombosis after splenectomy in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension

门静脉血栓形成(PVT)是指门静脉或其分支、脾静脉和肠系膜上静脉内形成的血栓。PVT是门静脉高压症脾切除术后的一种常见并发症,往往可能会导致肝损伤、上消化道出血、肝昏迷,甚至是缺血性肠坏死。因而,早期发现PVT并进行有效干预,对降低PVT患者的病死率有十分重要的意义。对肝硬化脾切除术后PVT危险因素和治疗进行了综述,指出PVT应及早进行有效干预。

Portal vein thrombosis（ PVT） refers to the formation of thrombus within the portal vein or its branches,the splenic vein,or the superior mesenteric vein. PVT is a common complication after splenectomy in patients with portal hypertension and may lead to liver injury,upper gastrointestinal bleeding,hepatic coma,and even ischemic intestinal necrosis. Therefore,early identification and effective intervention of PVT play an important role in reducing the mortality of PVT patients. This article reviews the risk factors for PVT after splenectomy in cirrhotic patients and the treatment of PVT and points out that effective intervention should be performed for PVT as early as possible.