某医院住院患者医院感染现患率调查

Investigation and analysis on prevalence rate of nosocomial infection in a hospital from 2014-2016

目的了解某医院住院患者医院感染发生情况,为预防和控制医院感染提供依据。方法采用横断面调查方法,对某医院2014-2016年11 225例住院患者进行现患率调查,比较3年间医院感染发生情况。结果 2014-2016年医院感染现患率无统计学差异,分别为4.74%、3.88%、4.43%;连续3年医院感染部位均以下呼吸道最为常见,分别占56.73%、38.36%和54.35%;共检出259株病原菌,前3位均为肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌和大肠埃希菌;连续3年医院感染高发科室均为综合ICU,分别占38.30%、25.00%和30.81%;抗菌药物使用率分别为28.91%、26.94%和31.39%;标本送检率分别为61.79%、62.83%和55.91%。结论医院感染现患率调查有助于了解医院感染情况,加强对医院感染高危科室和高危部位的监测和干预,为制定医院感染预防控制措施提供理论依据。

Objective To investigate the nosocomial infection status of inpatients,so as to provide evidence for preventing and controlling nosocomial infection. Methods A total of 11 225 case hospitalized patients were investigated in our hospital from 2014 to 2016,and data of these three years were compared. Results The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection from2014 to 2016 was 4. 74%,3. 88% and 4. 43% respectively. The lower respiratory tract infection was the most common infection from 2014 to 2016,which accounted for 56. 73%,38. 36%,and 54. 35% respectively. A total of 259 strains of pathogens were isolated,and the top three pathogens were Klebsiella pneumonia,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. The incidence rate of the nosocomial infection was the highest in Intensive Care Unit from 2014 to 2016,which accounted for 38. 30%,25. 00% and 30. 81% respectively. The utilization rate of antibiotics from 2014 to 2016 was 28. 91%,26. 94%,and 31. 39% respectively. The rate of the samples submitted from 2014 to 2016 was 61. 79%,62. 83%,and55. 91% respectively. Conclusion The prevalence rates of hospital infection in this hospital for successive 3 years are in the control range of the standard. So the investigation on prevalence rate of nosocomial infection is beneficial to understand the occurrence of nosocomial infections,and is also beneficial to intensify the surveillance and intervention of the high risk department and site. Thus scientific basis can be provided for preventing and controlling nosocomial infection.