中国城镇化发展的地理学贡献与责任使命

Contribution, Responsibility and Mission of Geography on China’s Urbanization Development

城镇化是中国全面建成小康社会和实现现代化的必由之路,中国城镇化不仅决定着中国的未来,而且决定着世界城镇化的进程。近35 a来中国地理学家对中国城镇化发展做出了重要贡献,主要表现在：首次提出了城镇化的概念,推动城镇化上升为国家战略;率先将Northam提出的城镇化发展三阶段论修正为四阶段论;提出了中国城镇化发展合理进程并被《国家新型城镇化规划》采用;研制了中国新型城镇化综合区划,构建了中国新型城镇化合理格局;率先研制了城镇化发展质量定量测度方法与系统,为提升城镇化发展质量提供了技术支撑;较早发布了《中国新型城镇化发展报告》,提出了新型城镇化发展的通用模式和差异模式;首次提出了城镇化与生态环境耦合圈理论与技术图谱。中国地理学家在城镇化这一多学科研究的重大领域中经常扮演着组织者角色,并担当重任,主要是：综合分析城镇化发展面临的问题及国际经验,探索城镇化发展的驱动机制与基本规律,辨析城镇化发展的空间格局和差异模式,揭示城镇化发展与资源环境的耦合关系,模拟预警城镇化发展的多种情景与风险,选择城镇化发展质量提升的可持续之路。今后一段时间内,创新国家新型城镇化高质量发展理论,优化“一带一路”背景下中国城镇化发展的空间格局,揭示中国城镇化与生态环境交互耦合机理及规律,研制中国城镇化发展的智能决策支持系统与引导政策,是中国城镇化发展的地理学使命。

Urbanization is the right way to build a well-off society and realize modernization for China. It deter- mines not only the future of China, but also the development process of the world＇s urbanization. Chinese geog- raphers have made important contributions to the urbanization development of China over the past 35 years. This is mainly manifested in the following aspects： 1） They put forward the concept of urbanization firstly and promoted the urbanization to be national strategy. 2） They took the lead in revising the three stage theory of ur- banization proposed by Northam to the four stage theory. 3） They put forward a reasonable process about the development of China＇s urbanization which has been adopted by National New Urbanization Plan. 4） They de- veloped a comprehensive zoning of China＇ s new urbanization and set up a reasonable pattern of China＇s new urbanization. 5） They took the lead in developing the quantitative measure methods and system of urbaniza- tion development quality, which provided technical support to improve the quality of urbanization develop- ment. 6） They earlier issued the development report of China＇ s new urbanization, and put forward the general patterns and the different patterns of the new urbanization development. 7） They put forward the theory and technical drawings of the coupling circle bewteen urbanization and eco-environment for the first time. Chinese geographers often act as the organizer of urbanization research which is multidisciplinary, and undertake the following responsibilities： 1） to comprehensively analyze the problems and foreign experiences of urbanization development; 2） to explore the driving mechanism and the basic laws of urbanization development; 3） to ana- lyze the spatial pattern of urbanization and the difference model; 4） to reveal the coupling relationship between urbanization development and resource environment; 5） to simulate a variety of scenarios and make an early warning of urbanization development; 6） to choose the sustainable development road of improving urbaniza- tion quality. In the future, Chinese geographers will have the following missions on urbanization development： 1） to innovate the theory of new type urbanization quality improvement; 2） to optimize China＇s urbanization spatial pattern under the background of ＂Belt and Road＂; 3） to reveal the interactive coupling mechanism and coupling law between urbanization and coo-environment; 4） to develop the intelligent decision support system for China＇ s urbanization development and give the guiding policies.