凝血因子V的促凝与抗凝作用

Advances in procoagulant and anticoagulant functions of coagulation factor V

凝血因子Ⅴ（FⅤ）在促凝与抗凝途径中发挥着多重作用。FⅤ不仅作为活化凝血因子Ⅹ（FⅩa）的辅因子，参与构成凝血酶原复合物并激活凝血酶原，而且以载体和（或）辅因子的形式，调控组织因子途径抑制物（TFPI）α和活化蛋白C（APC）的抗凝作用。近年，FⅤ与TFPIα的相互作用被阐明，FⅤ可作为TFPIα的载体及辅因子，尤其是FⅤ中间体与TFPIα组成的复合物，在凝血早期发挥重要的抗凝作用。短段FⅤ是一种新发现的，可以导致出血表型的FⅤ截短体，与TFPIα具有高亲和力，二者形成复合物后对凝血途径产生明显的抑制作用。笔者拟就FⅤ在促凝与抗凝途径中作用的研究进展进行阐述。

Coagulation factor Ⅴ （FⅤ） plays multiple roles in regulation of procoagulant and anticoagulant pathways. On the one hand, it combines with activated coagulation factor Ⅹ （FⅩa） as its cofactor to form prothrombin complex and further activaties prothrombin. On the otherhand, it serves as a carrier and/or cofactor for tissue factor pathway inhibitor （TFPI） α and activated protein C （APC） to exert an anticoagulant effect. In recent years, the interaction between FⅤ and TFPIα, which has been elucidated. FⅤ serves as a carrier and cofactor of TFPIα, and the complex of FⅤ intermediates and TFPIα plays an important anti-coagulant role in the early stage of coagulation. FⅤ-short is a new kind of truncated FⅤ, which is associated with hemorrhagic phenotype in the relevant patients. FⅤ-short has high affinity with TFPIα, and the FⅤ-short/TFPIα complex has a significantly inhibitory effect on coagulation. In this review, recent advances in the procoagulant and anticoagulant functions of FⅤ are summarized.