种植修复在头颈部肿瘤放疗后的应用及研究进展

Application and research progress of dental implant in patients with head and neck neoplasms after radiotherapy

目前头颈部肿瘤的常规治疗主要是手术结合放疗,而术后颌骨及相应的牙列缺损严重影响患者的生活质量。近年来,随着种植牙的普及,更多患者选择种植牙修复头颈部手术后牙列缺损或牙列缺失。手术后放疗不仅增加颌骨骨髓炎及黏膜炎的发病率,甚至导致颌骨骨坏死(osteoradionecrosis,ORN),影响种植体的存活。因此,尽可能减小放疗对颌骨的影响并选择合适的种植时机、种植体修复方式及干预手段,对种植体在颌骨内的存留起着关键作用。本文就种植体在颌骨放疗区的应用及研究进展作一综述。

Surgery combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy are currently the main treatment for head and neck tumors. Postoperative jaw and dentition defect seriously affect the life quality of patients. In recent years, with the development of dental implants, more patients tend to choose implants to restore their missing teeth after surgery.Radiotherapy after surgery not only increased the incidence of osteomyelitis and mucositis, led to jaw osteoradionecrosis,but also affected the survival of dental implants. Therefore, minimizing the impact of radiotherapy on the jaw and taking the right implantation time, appropriate implant restoration method, and intervention of implant retention play a key role.In this paper, the application and research progress of dental implant in jaw after radiotherapy were reviewed.