火龙果嫁接繁殖技术研究

Propagation of Pitaya by Grafting

为提高火龙果的抗逆性和繁殖效率,缩短生长发育时间,对火龙果的平接、靠接、楔接3种嫁接方法进行了比较;同时利用筛选出的楔接法,以红肉火龙果为接穗,比较了3种砧木的嫁接成活率;以地方白肉火龙果为砧木,比较了‘台湾大红’、‘红水晶’、‘蜜宝’红肉火龙果品种为接穗时的嫁接成活率。结果表明:楔接法的嫁接成活率最高,为56.67%,抽梢率最多,为16.67%;白肉火龙果、三角柱、仙人掌做砧木的嫁接成活率差异显著,以三角柱为砧木的嫁接成活率最好,为60.00%;3种不同品种的红肉火龙果作接穗的嫁接成活率比较中,以‘台湾大红’成活率最高,为63.33%。在生产上可以‘台湾大红’火龙果做接穗,三角柱做砧木,采用楔接法进行嫁接。

Pitaya was propagated by using 3 different grafting methods, flat grafting, inarching grafting and wedge grafting, to select the best grafting method which can improve the stress resistance and propagation efficiency of pitaya and shorten the time of growth and development of pitaya as well. The white-flesh pitaya, Hylocereus undatus and cactus were used as rootstocks, and grafted with pitaya varieties Taiwan Dahong, Red Crystal and Mibao as scions to compare their survival rates. The wedge grafting was found to have the highest survival rate （56.67%） and the highest shooting rate （16.67%）. There was no significant difference in survival rate between the graftings with the white pitaya, H. undatus and cactus as rootstocks, but the graftings with H. undatus as rootstock had the highest survival rate, upto 60.00%. Of the 3 pitaya scions the Taiwan Dahong graftings had the highest survival rate （63.33%）. So, pitaya Taiwan Dahong could be grafted with H. undatus by wedge grafting method for propagation.