失独者自杀观念与社会支持、生活质量的相关性

Correlation of suicidal ideation with social support and quality of life among only-child loss people

目的探讨失独者的自杀观念与社会支持和生活质量之间的相关性。方法对青岛市区320名失独者进行问卷调查，了解青岛市失独者自杀观念的现状，采用Pearson相关分析和多元逐步回归分析探讨自杀观念的影响因素。结果失独者的高自杀风险率为45．0％。失独组自杀观念[（8．94±3．99）分]、社会支持[（29．97±9．15）分]、生活质量[（124．18±31．24）分]均低于对照组[（4．87±2．32）分，（35．50±9．33）分，（139．46±37．80）分；t=1．997-15．009，P〈0．05]。失独者自杀观念总分与社会支持总分及各因子分、生活质量总分及躯体功能、心理功能之间呈显著负相关（r=-0．121—-0．270，P〈0．01或P〈0．05）；一年内自杀观念因子分与物质生活因子分之间呈显著正相关（r=0．135，P〈0．05）；回归分析显示，年龄、婚姻状况、客观支持、主观支持、生活质量总分是影响失独者自杀观念的主要因素（t=-3．251～3．160，P〈0．01或P〈0．05）。结论失独者具有较高的自杀风险，其自杀观念与社会支持、生活质量状况呈显著负相关，受年龄、婚姻状况、社会支持、生活质量等多因素影响，获得的社会支持越少，生活质量越差，自杀风险越高。

Objective To investigate the correlation of suicidal ideation with social support and quality of life among only-child loss people.Methods Totally 320 only-child loss people were collected by using stratified cluster random sampling method.Social support rating scale（SSRS） and general quality of life inventory（GQOLI） were used to investigate the suicidal ideation status.The association of suicidal ideation with social support and quality of life was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results The suicidal risk rate of only-child loss people was 45.0%. Compared with control group（（4.87±2.32） , （ 35.50±9.33 ） , （ 139.46± 37.80） ）, only-child loss group had lower scores in suicidal ideation, SSRS, GQOLI （ （8.94±3.99）, （ 29.97±9.15 ）, （ 29.97±9.15 ） respectively, t= 1.997-15.009, P〈0.05 or P〈0.01 ）. The suicidal ideation total score was negatively correlated with scores of SSRS and all its 4 items, GQOLI, physical function, psychological function（ r=-0.121--0.270,P〈0.05 or P〈0.01 ）.The score of suicidal ideation in the past year was positively correlated with scores of material function （r= 0.135, P〈0.05 ）. Regression analysis showed that age, marriage, objective support, subjective support and GQOLI were the influencing factors（ t=-3.251-3.160, P〈 0.01 or P〈0.05 ）.Conclusion Only-child loss people have higher suicidal risks, which is negatively correlated with lower social support and quality of life, and influenced by age, marriage, SSRS and GQOLI factors.