厌恶启动后垂直空间隐喻加工的时间特征

The temporal features of vertical spatial metaphor processing after moral disgust priming

目的采用事件相关电位技术（ERPs）和语义启动范式，探讨道德厌恶启动后对垂直空间隐喻加工的时间特征及其神经机制。方法随机选取河南省某高校22名健康在校大学生或研究生，采用双字词启动范式，先呈现启动词（道德厌恶词、非道德厌恶词），然后再呈现目标词（屏幕上方的中性词、屏幕下方的中性词），要求被试对目标词的字形结构作判断。通过探讨不同组合在脑电指标上的差异来探讨其加工特征。结果行为数据中正确率的启动刺激与目标刺激交互作用显著（F=20．40，P〈0．01）。脑电数据中与非道德厌恶刺激[P2：（0．81±0．45）μV，N400：（-4．43±0．58）μV]相比，道德厌恶[P2：（-1．31±0．40）μV，N400：（-5．04±0．60）μV]启动后在屏幕下方的中性词出现后在相关脑区所诱发了更大的P2（F=6．50，P〈0．05）以及更大的N400（F=10．73，P〈0．01）波幅。结论行为与脑电数据共同提示，与非道德厌恶相比，道德厌恶启动后与道德的空间隐喻表现出了较高的语义连接程度，不道德的空间隐喻则表现出较低的语义连接。个体通过更倾向于道德的空间隐喻，以缓解和释放厌恶感，保持良好的自我道德意象。

Objective To explore the time characteristics and neural mechanism of processing vertical spatial metaphor after the activation of moral disgust, by applying event-related potential technique （ERPs） and semantic priming paradigm. Methods Totally 22 healthy college or graduate students were randomly selected from a university in Henan Province. A dual word priming paradigm was used to present priming words （ moral disgust words and non moral disgust words）. Then the target words （ neutral words above or on the bottom of the screen） were presented, and the subjects were asked to judge the font structure of the target words. Processing feature was explored by investigating the differences in EEG indexes of different combinations. Results The interaction between the starting stimulation of the correct rate and the target stimulation in the behavior data was significant （F= 20.40,P〈0.01 ）. In EEG data,compared with immoral aversion stimuli （ P2 ： （ 0.81 ± 0.45 ） μV, N400： （ - 4.43 ± 0.58 ） μV ）, after the onset of moral abuses （ P2 ： （ - 1.31±0.40） μV, N400 ： （ - 5.04 ± 0.60） μV ）, the larger P2 （F = 3.96, P〈 0.05 ） and larger N400 （F = 10.73 ,P〈0.01 ） amplitudes were induced in the related brain regions after the emergence of neutral words at the bottom of the screen. Conclusion The analysis of behavior and EEG data indicates that,compared with immoral disgust, moral abuses show a higher semantic connection with metaphorical moral, and metaphorical immoral shows lower semantic connection. The individual is more inclined to metaphorical morality to relieve and release the feeling of disgust and maintain a good self-moral image.