我国药品应急管理体系现状、问题及对策探讨

The Current Situation,Problems and Countermeasures of China's Drug Emergency Management System

目的应急管理是政府的重要职责,是实现治理体系现代化的重要内容。在信息传播更加透明、更加迅速的大环境下,突发事件对社会公众的影响更大,更易引发社会性紧急事件,因此对政府管理能力提出了更高要求。研究希望摸清我国药品应急管理体系的现状,梳理存在问题,提出相应对策,以完善我国药品应急管理体系。方法本研究通过文献研究、专家咨询、案例分析等方法,掌握我国医药应急管理体系的发展现状与存在的突出问题,分析重要影响因素。结果总的来看,我国药品应急管理体系建设不断完善,体制机制不断完善,协同协作不断深化,政策法规和标准体系更加健全,能力建设,特别是应急演练等不断强化,专业化水平不断提高,信息化应用水平不断提升,更加重视社会舆情的收集反馈,应对更加及时。但同时,我国药品应急管理工作起步相对较晚,各项工作开展的系统化、科学化、专业化、有序化水平仍不高,还存在顶层设计不完善,机制割裂、部门割据等结构性缺陷,应急模式仍是传统的政府包揽式,社会力量参与不足,专业化水平不高等问题。结论完善我国药品应急管理体系,应以"预防与准备、监测与预警、救援与处置、善后与恢复"四大阶段为重点,系统谋划、有序推进。

OBJECTIVE Emergency management is an important duty of the government and an important part of realizing the modernization of the governance system. Under the environment of information transmission more transparent and faster, emergencies have greater impact on the public and lead to social emergencies. Therefore, higher requirements for government management capabili- ties are put forward. The research hopes to find out the current situation of the drug emergency management system in China, combing the existing problems and putting forward the corresponding countermeasures in order to improve the drug emergency management sys- tem in China. METHODS Through literature research, expert consultation, case analysis and other methods, we grasp the develop- ment status and outstanding problems of China＇s medical emergency management system, and analyze the important influencing factors. RESULTS In the construction of China＇s emergency drug management system continue to improve, continue to improve institutional mechanisms, deepen cooperation, policies and regulations and standard system more robust, capacity building, especially the emergen- cy drills and continue to strengthen, and continuously improve the level of professional, the application level of information channel up- grade, pay more attention to the social pub｜ie opinion gathering feedback more timely response. But at the same time, China＇s drug e- mergency management started relatively late, the work carried out a systematic, scientific and orderly, professional level is not high, there are structural defects such as incomplete top-level design, separation of mechanisms, departmental separations and other structur- al defects, emergency mode is still the traditional government swept style, laeking of participation of soeial forces, professional the level is not high, etc.. CONCLUSION To improve China＇s drug emergency management system, we should focus on the four stages of ＂ prevention and preparedness, monitoring and early warning, rescue and disposal, rehabilitation and recovery＂ , and plan systematieally and promote it in an orderly way.