青年与老年气虚及平和体质人群声音特征对比分析

Comparison and Analysis of Sound Characteristics Among the Young and Elderly with Qi Deficiency and Mild Constitution

目的:探寻平和质与气虚质人群的声音差异特征。方法:根据《中医体质量表》筛选出气虚体质及平和体质的青年40例,老年35例。采集其声音数据运用基音周期、基音的抖动、振幅微扰、共振峰变异、过零率比率、语音时间长度、语音包络面积等方法进行声学参数分析。结果:基音周期、基音抖动、振幅微扰、共振峰变异、过零率比率的测量分析结果在平和质与气虚质之间没有太大差异,有些数据还有重叠,无法区分平和质与气虚质的差异。语音时间长度和语音包络面积在平和质与气虚质的人群中比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:以声学参数来界定气虚质与平和质是可行可信的。

Objective： To explore the characteristics of the sound difference between mild constitution and qi deficiency constitution. Methods： According to The Body Mass Table of Chinese Medicine,40 cases of the young and 35 cases of the old with qi deficiency constitution and mild constitution were selected. By using pitch period,pitch fluctuation,amplitude perturbation,formant variation,zero crossing rate,voice time length,speech envelope area,and other methods,sound data was collected for analysis of acoustic parameters. Results： There was not much difference in the measurement results of pitch period,pitch,amplitude,perturbation,formant variation and zero crossing rate between mild constitution and qi deficiency constitution. Some data overlaped and couldn’t distinguish the difference between mild constitution and qi deficiency constitution. However,the time length of speech and the envelope area of speech were statistically significant（ P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion： It is feasible to use acoustic parameters to define qi deficiency constitution and mild constitution.