甘肃省某农村地区学龄儿童维生素A营养干预效果评价

EFFECTS OF VITAMIN A SUPPLEMENTATION ON SCHOOL AGED CHILDREN IN THE RURAL AREAS OF GANSU PROVINCE

目的调查甘肃省某贫困农村地区学龄儿童维生素A(VA)缺乏状况,对其提供VA营养干预并分析干预效果。方法采用整群随机抽样方法在甘肃陇西县通安驿镇及兰州市西固区达川乡的农村小学抽取2000名学龄儿童作为干预对象,并采用系统抽样方法抽取其中296名学龄儿童进行血清VA水平检测。在对所有调查对象提供为期6个月的红棕榈油VA营养饼干补充以及定期营养宣教后,进行干预效果评价。结果学龄儿童膳食VA摄入量由干预前的342.1μg RE/d上升到干预后的499.6μg RE/d,学龄儿童血清视黄醇平均浓度由干预前的(0.4663±0.1920)μg/ml提升到干预后的(0.5988±0.1840)μg/ml(t=8.558,P<0.05),学龄儿童血清VA缺乏率由5.07%下降到1.01%(χ~2=8.25,P<0.05),边缘缺乏率由16.55%下降到5.07%(χ~2=20.25,P<0.05)。结论通过营养干预,该地区学龄儿童VA缺乏情况得到了改善,说明这种基于自然食物(红棕榈油)的VA综合营养干预取得了一定的效果。

Objective To investigate the vitamin A deficiency （VAD） status of school aged children from the rural areas of Gansu province, and evaluate the effect of vitamin A intervention. Methods By using cluster sampling method, a total of 2000 school aged children were randomly selected. By using systematic sampling method, 296 of them were selected to measure mean serum retinol concentration by HPLC method. On the basis of baseline survey, children were provided with red palm oil biscuits for 6 months. Serum retinol concentration was measured before and after the intervention. Results The baseline dietary vitamin A intake was 342.1μgRE/d. After intervention, it was increased to 499.6μgRE/d. According to the baseline measurement, mean serum retinol concentration was （0.4663 ± 0.1920） μg/ml, and VAD rate was 5.07%, marginal VAD rate was 16.55%. After intervention, mean serum retinol concentration of 296 children was increased to （0.5988± 0.1840） μg/ml （t=8.558,P〈0.05）,and VAD rate was dropped to 1.01% （Х^2=8.25,P〈0.05）, marginal VAD rate was declined to 5.07% （Х^2=20.25,P〈0.05）. Conclusion The results showed that application of natural source vitamin A （red palm oil） could improve vitamin A status of the school aged children in the rural areas of Gansu province.