“微盂”、“微斝”铭文补释与卫国早期历史

A Supplementary Explanation of Inscriptions on “Wei” Yu,“Wei” Jia and Early History of Wei State

旧称"微盂"、"微斝"的两件西周早期铜器,乃是卫康叔直系后裔所作的祭器,祭祀对象即卫国的始封君康叔封。以往学者多将器主名误释作"微"。实际上,该字应释读为"髟",综合国族、时代及文字通假等因素来看,其人很可能就是第二代卫君、康叔之子康伯髦。清华简《系年》称周成王、周公迁殷遗民于洛邑,而封卫康叔于"康丘",与沬土簋铭文记载的"诞令康侯鄙于卫"为同一史事。至于卫人自"康丘"徙居"淇卫"之举,则应该发生在康伯髦之世以后。

The two bronzes of the early Western Zhou dynasty termed ＂Wei＂ yu and ＂Wei＂ jia are the ritual vessels offered to the first Lord Kang Shu Feng of Wei by his Lineal descendants Scholars used to consider the owner＇s name inscribed on these two bronzes as [微]. However, according to the comprehensive factors of the nation, times and interchangeable characters, the character should be [髟] and it is the name of second Wei Lord Kang Bo Mao [康伯髦], the son of Kang Shu. It＇s recorded in the Xi Nian [系年] of Tsinghua bamboo slips that Kang Shu of Wei was enfeoffed with Kangqiu after King Cheng of Zhou and Duke of Zhou moved the Shang adherents to Luoyi, which is consistent with ＂the fief Wei of Marquis Kang＂ recorded in the inscriptions of ＂Mei Situ Yi＂ gui. The migration of Wei people from ＂Kangqiu＂ to ＂Qiwei＂ should be after Kang Bo Mao acceded to the throne.