促进平等:英国高校实施全纳教育的背景及典型经验

Promoting Equality: The Background of and Typical Experience in Inclusive Education Practiced in British Colleges and Universities

英国高校残疾学生补贴制度的变化和《2010权利平等法案》的颁布,直接推动了近年来英国高等全纳教育的实施。剑桥大学以残疾学生资源中心的建设为依托,为残疾和有特殊需要的学生提供服务,同时为教师的教学提供支持;德蒙福特大学积极落实通用学习设计(UDL)理念,通过多种措施满足残疾和有特殊需要学生的需求。促进平等是英国高校实施全纳教育的宗旨。英国高校实施全纳教育的典型经验可以归纳为:法律法规作为重要依据,福利制度作为经费保障,专门组织作为重要桥梁,精细服务作为具体依托。

In recent years, the change of the system for disabled students＇ allowance and the enactment of the 2010 Equal Rights Act have directly promoted the practice of the inclusive education in British colleges and universities. Based on the construction of the resource centre for disabled students, Cambridge University provides service for students with disabilities and special needs, and renders support to the teaching of the faculty; De Monffort University actively implements the UDL concept to meet the needs of students with disabilities and spe- cial needs by means of various measures. Thus, promoting equality is the aim of the inclusive education in British colleges and universities, whose typical experience can be summarized as follows： Laws and regulations are an important basis; the welfare system is a financial guarantee; the specialized organization is an important bridge; and the fine service is a concrete hacking.