基于专利时效性和PageRank算法的企业技术影响力评价

Evaluation of Technological Influence:Based on Patent Timeliness and PageRank Algorithm

借鉴链接分析中PageRank算法及其在技术影响力评价体系中的应用,创新性地考虑专利时效性,改进了基于专利引用关系的企业引用网络的技术影响力评价方法。使用美国国家经济研究局NBER专利数据库中1976~2006年实用型液压制动领域的专利明细及引用关系等为样本进行了实证分析。结果显示,与不考虑时效性的技术影响力评价体系相比,提出的改进评价算法综合考虑了引用企业数量、被引次数、企业自身影响力、企业间依赖程度和专利时效性5个方面的因素,能够更为客观地评价领域内企业的技术影响力,为识别技术竞争对手提供了理论依据。

In order to effectively identify companies with a high technology influence, this paper proposes an improved evaluation method for technological influence among company reference network on patents. This method innovatively introduces the timeliness of patents into the application of the PageRank algorithm in evaluation of technological influence. First, the improved algorithm is proposed and the difference between the algorithm proposed and the traditional one is demonstrated based on the PageRank algorithm but without modification. Then, the patents, details, and citations etc. are used in the field of hydraulic brake from 1976 to 2006 in NBER database as a sample to conduct an empirical analysis. The improved method considers the reference number of enterprises~ the number of citations, the influence of the enterprise itself, the interdependence between enterprises, and patent timeliness. The empirical result shows that compared with the traditional evaluation method which does not consider timeliness, the improved one tends to give privilege to those whose new patents are cited more, which can present the importance of new patents. This evaluation method can measure the technological influence of the enterprises more objectively, providing a theoretical basis for technology competitor identification.