我国农业技术扩散环境的评价研究

The Evaluation of Agricultural Technology Diffusion Environment of China Regions

观察我国大陆地区31个省市（港、澳、台除外）的农业技术扩散环境，从自然环境、社会环境、科技环境、经济环境、政策环境等五个方面建立评价指标体系，运用熵权法与PROMETHEEII方法进行建模与实证分析，并进行了31省市的空间分布分析与分类研究．基于2014年的研究结果表明：农业科技环境、农业经济环境是影响农业技术扩散的重要因素；各省市在5方面农业技术扩散环境指标上有较大差异，总体而言，农业技术扩散环境可分为5种不同等级，北京、浙江、新疆等省市具有较为优越的环境条件，而安徽、山西、甘肃等地的农业技术扩散环境条件较差；全国农业技术扩散环境水平较为均衡，存在局部的区域聚集特征，但梯度转移规律不明显，省际调溢出效应不显著．根据研究结论，为全国以及各省市系统优化农业技术扩散环境提出了对策建议．

This paper established the evaluation index system from five aspects of environment including the natural, social, technology, economic and policy through observing the agricultural technology diffusion environment of 31 provinces and cities in China（Hongkong, Macao and Talwan excepted）. Based on the entropy weight and PROMETHEE II methods, the study analyzes the spatial distribution and classification research. The results of 2014 show that technology environment and economy environment are the important factors that affect agricultural technology diffusion. The indicators of each province have great difference. In general, the agricultural technology diffusion environment can be divided into five different levels, Beijing, Zhejiang and Xinjiang are the best, Anhui, Shanxi and Gansu are the worst. The level of agricultural technology diffusion environment is relatively balanced, it exists regional gathering characteristics, but the gradient transfer regularity is not obvious, spillover effects between provinces is no significant. According to the conclusions, this paper proposed the suggestions for Chinese provinces.