生殖道感染病原菌分布及影响因素分析

Distribution of pathogens causing genital tract infections and influencing factors

目的探讨生殖道感染病原菌分布及影响因素。方法选取医院2016年1月-12月妇科门诊收治的育龄妇女2178例,分析患者生殖道感染率,并分析相关感染因素包括年龄、婚否、既往生殖道感染史、避孕方式。结果共发生生殖道感染203例,感染率为9.32%,203例感染患者共分离病原菌314株,其中革兰阴性菌96株占30.57%、革兰阳性菌107株占34.08%、真菌111株占35.35%;主要革兰阴性菌对左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、哌拉西林耐药率较高;主要革兰阳性菌对青霉素和庆大霉素耐药率较高;主要真菌对两性霉素耐药率较高;单因素分析表明,年龄、生育史、避孕方式、流产史及既往生殖道感染史为感染的相关因素(P<0.05);多因素回归分析表明年龄、生育史、避孕方式、流产史及既往生殖道感染史为生殖道感染独立危险因素。结论育龄妇女生殖道感染的相关因素较多,临床应针对影响因素和药物敏感试验结果预防及治疗生殖道感染。

OBJECTIVE To explore the distribution of pathogens causing genital tract infections and analyze the influencing factors.METHODS A total of 2178 women of childbearing age who were treated in gynecology department from Jan 2016 to Dec 2016 were enrolled in the study,the incidence of genital tract infections was analyzed,and the related factors for the infections,including age,marital status,previous history of genital tract infections and contraceptive method,were observed.RESULTS Totally 203 patients had the genital tract infections,with the infection rate 9.32%.A total of 314 strains of pathogens were isolated from the 203 patients with the infection,96（30.57%）of which were gram-negative bacteria,107（34.08%）were gram-positive bacteria,and 111（35.35%）were fungi.The majors species of gram-negative bacteria were highly resistant to levofloxacin,ciprofloxacin and piperacillin;the major species of gram-positive bacteria were highly resistant to penicillin and gentamicin;the major species of fungi were highly resistant to amphotericin.The univariate analysis indicated that the age,childbearing history,contraceptive method,abortion history and previous history of genital tract infections were the related factors for the infections（P0.05）.The multivariate regression analysis showed that the age,childbearing history,contraceptive method,abortion history and previous history of genital tract infections were the independent risk factors for the genital tract infections.CONCLUSIONThere are a variety of related factors for the genital tract infections in the women of childbearing age.It is necessary for the hospital to take targeted prevention measures according to the influencing factors and treat the genital tract infections based on the result of drug susceptibility testing.