锻炼动机对大学生社会性发展的影响:锻炼坚持的中介作用与社会支持的调节作用

Effect of Exercise Motivation on College Students' Social Development: The Mediating Role of Exercise Adherence and the Moderating Role of Social Support

目的:探讨锻炼动机如何通过锻炼坚持来影响大学生的社会性发展,同时锻炼动机与锻炼坚持的关系又是否会受到社会支持的调节。方法:使用锻炼动机量表、锻炼坚持量表、社会支持量表和社会性发展量表,随机抽样调查582名大学生。使用AMOS20.0和SPSS20.0构建结构方程模型,并进行中介效应和调节效应的分析。结果:1)锻炼动机能够正向预测锻炼坚持和自信、意志与合作,锻炼坚持能够正向预测自信和意志;2)在社会性发展模型、自信模型和意志模型中,锻炼坚持的中介效应占总效应比依次为30.07%、36.18%和34.88%;3)锻炼动机同父母支持、教师支持和朋友支持交互项的R2变化量均达显著水平。结论:锻炼坚持只在锻炼动机与自信和意志间起着显著的部分中介作用;社会支持在锻炼动机与锻炼坚持之间起显著的正向调节作用,其中父母支持的调节作用最强。

Objective： The purpose of this study was to discuss how the exercise motivation influences college students＇ social development through exercise adherence and whether the relationship between exercise motivation and exercise persistence is regulated by social support. Methods： The 582 college students were investigated by exercise motivation scale,exercise adherence scale,social support scale and social development scale. The structural equation model（ SEM） was built by AMOS20. 0 and SPSS20. 0 to analyze the mediating effect and moderating effect. Results： 1） Exercise motivation can positively predict exercise adherence,self-confidence,volition and cooperation. Exercise adherence can positively predict self-confidence and volition. 2） In the models of social development,self-confidence and volition,the mediation effect of exercise adherence accounts for total effect is 30. 07% ,36. 18% and 34. 88% respectively. 3） The R2 of exercise motivation and family support,teacher support and peer support is significant. Conclusions： Exercise adherence has significant partial mediating effect only between exercise motivation and self-confidence and volition. Social support has significant moderating effect between exercise motivation and adherence,in which family support has the strongest effect.