农民工参加城镇职工医疗保险的影响因素调查分析

Investigation and Research on the Influencing Factors of Migrant Workers' Participation in Basic Medical Insurance for Urban Employers

目的:考察个体特征和制度特征对农民工参加城镇职工基本医疗保险的影响。方法:采用"2014年全国流动人口动态监测"数据和官方政策文件,对28个省会城市和直辖市的50 679名农民工参加城镇职工医保的影响因素进行了分析。结果:农民工的人力资本特征、经济特征、流动特征、基本公共卫生服务获取能力均对是否参保产生显著影响;地方政府支持医疗保险跨省转移接续、缴费年限可累计且一对一折算、个人账户可转入转出是促进农民工参保的重要因素,也有助于吸引跨省农民工的流入。结论:制度设计中应提高医保统筹层次,取消缴费年限认定和个人医保账户转移障碍。

Objective： To study the effect of individual and system characteristics on migrant workers＇ participation in basic medical insurance for urban employers. Methods： The data of ＂2014 National Floating Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey＂ and official documents from 28 provincial capital cities and municipalities directly under the central government were used to analyze the influencing factors of 50 679 migrant workers＇ participation in medical insurance. Results： The characteristics of human capital, economic characteristics, mobility and access to basic public health services of migrant workers all had significant impacts on their partic- ipation in medical insurance; local governments＇ support for trans-provineial transfer medical insurance, the years of payment could be accumulated while one to one conversion and personal account could be roll-in roll-out were important factors to promote migrant workers to participate in medical insurance, and also helped to attract interprovincial migrant workers. Conclusion： In the system design, the overall level of medical insurance should be improved, and the obstacle to identification of the years of payment and the transfer of personal medical insurance account should be cancelled.