“一带一路”背景下中国与沙特贸易互补性和竞争性研究

Research on the Trade Competitiveness and Complementarities between China and Saudi Arabia under “the Belt and Road”Initiative

沙特是"一带一路"倡议的重要节点国家之一,深入分析中沙贸易现状,找出中沙经贸合作的路径,是推进"一带一路"倡议实施的关键。基于联合国UN COMTRADE数据库,对2006-2015年中沙两国贸易的出口相似度指数、显示性比较优势指数、贸易结合度指数、产业内贸易指数测算,分析中沙贸易的互补性和竞争性。研究结果显示:中沙两国在美国和欧盟两个出口市场上的贸易竞争性较弱,中沙两国产品的国际竞争力分布格局差距较大;中沙两国双边贸易的互补性较强,大多数产品显示出较明显的产业间贸易现象。中沙两国应充分利用中沙贸易之间的互补性,积极开展政府、产业和企业层面的沟通和合作,进一步深化两国之间的经贸合作。

Saudi Arabia is one of important countries along the Belt and Road. It is essential to analyze the trade competitive- ness and complementarities between China and Saudi Arabia to find the new direction in China - Saudi Arabia economic and trade cooperation, which may be helpful to implement the strategy. Based on the United Nations＇ UN COMTRADE database, this paper calculates the Export Similarity Index, Revealed Comparative Advantage Index, Trade Intensity Index and Intra - Industry Trade Index to analyze the trade competitiveness and complementarities between China and Sandi Arabia. The results show that the competitiveness between them is weak in the market of USA and EU, and they have different competitive products in the international market. In addition, the complementarities between the two countries are strong, and most of the products display the obvious inter - industry trade phenomena. Therefore, China and Saudi Arabia should take an active part in promoting the com- munication and cooperation among governments, industries and enterprises to further deepen the economic and trade cooperation between them.