2016年陕西省某石化公司取样工短时间职业暴露调查

Investigation on short term occupational exposure of samplers in a petro chemical processing company of Shaanxi Province in 2016

目的对陕西省某石化公司取样工职业病危害因素短时间暴露情况进行调查,提出有针对性的职业病危害防护措施建议。方法采用现场职业卫生学调查与检测方法,于2016年7—12月对该企业进行了职业病危害现状评价,根据现状评价期间调查及职业病危害因素检测结果,对该公司9套生产装置26个取样口职业病危害因素接触水平及所采取的防护措施进行分析。结果该公司取样器为带阀门的取样气囊或钢瓶,取样过程佩戴防毒半面罩。取样过程产生的职业病危害因素包括硫化氢、一氧化碳、液化石油气、溶剂汽油、苯系物、正己烷及石油沥青烟等,26个取样口中取样工短时间接触浓度25个岗位合格,1个岗位超标,即60万吨连续重整装置,精脱硫前液化石油气取样口液化石油气浓度达4 415.0 mg/m^3,超标2.94倍,合格岗位中有3个岗位超出50%职业接触限值。结论该公司取样过程短时间暴露浓度存在超标及超过行动水平的岗位,应引起职业卫生管理部门重视,并采取相应措施,以降低职业病危害事故发生概率。

[Objective]To investigate the short term exposure to occupational hazards of samplers in a petro chemical processing company of Shaanxi Province, put forward the targeted suggestions on preventive measures for occupational hazards. [Methods] Using the field occupational hygiene investigation and detection methods, the assessment of occupational hazards was performed in this company from July to December in 2016. According to the results of investigation and occupational hazard detection, exposure level of occupational hazard factor at 26 sampling places of 9 sets of production units and protective measures were analyzed.[Results] Sampling air bag or cylinder with valves was used in this company, and samplers wore protective half mask during sampling process. Occupational hazards during sampling process included hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, liquefied peteoleum gas, benzene series, n-hexane and petroleum asphalt fume. Among 26 sampling places, the short term exposure concentration of 25 post were qualified, while that at one post exceeded the standard with, that is the liquefied peteoleum gas concentration at sampling place before desulfurization of six hundred thousand tons of continuous reforming unit reached 4 415.0 mg/m^3, with excessive multiples of 2.94. In qualified posts, the results at 3 posts were higher than 50% of exposure limits.[Conclusion] There are the posts which the short time exposure concentration exceeds standard or action level during sampling process in this company. Strictly abide by the sampling procedures and technology reform and so on measures. The occupational health management department should pay attention to this phenomenon and take corresponding measures to reduce the probability of accidents caused by occupational hazards.