2015—2016年渭南市风疹病原学监测结果

Etiologic monitoring results of rubella in Weinan City from 2015-2016

目的对渭南市2015—2016年风疹实验室检测结果进行分析,了解渭南市风疹流行特征,为风疹防控提供病原学依据。方法应用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)法,对渭南市2015—2016年614份疑似风疹标本进行核酸检测。结果风疹阳性率为23.94%(147/614),风疹阳性病例男女比为1.58∶1(97/57),风疹发病有明显的季节性,发病高峰期在1—5月,发病以青少年为主,集中在15~19岁年龄组,出诊3 d内采样风疹阳性率为33.77%(129/382)。序列比对检索(Blast)分析显示,渭南市风疹病毒与安徽株(RVi/Huainan.Anhui.CHN/41.11)核苷酸序列同源性最高为99%。结论应在风疹流行期前开展风疹监测,为风疹防控提供预警,应重点加强15~19岁组人群免疫管理,尽早采集出疹3 d内样品。渭南市风疹病毒属于2B基因型。

[Objective]To analyze the laboratory test results of rubella in Weinan City from 2015-2016, understand the epidemic characteristics of rubella in Weinan City, and provide the etiological basis for the prevention and control of rubella. [Methods] By using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,614 suspected rubella specimens in Weinan City from 2015-2016 were detected for specificity RNA. [Results] The positive rate of rubella was 23.94%（147/614）, and the sex ratio（male to female） of laboratory confirmed cases was 1.58∶1（97/57）. The epidemic situation of rubella showed obvious seasonality,and the peak season appeared January to May. Most of cases were teenagers,and mainly distributed in the group of 15-20 years old. The positive rate of rubella was 33.77%（129/382） which was found within 3 days of the sampling. Blast analysis indicated that NSP gene of rubella in Weinan showed the highest homology of 99% in nucleotide with Anhui strain（RVi/Huainan.Anhui. CHN/41.11）. [Conclusion] The surveillance should be carried out before the rubella epidemic to provide warning for rubella prevention and control. The immunization management should be strengthened for the 15-19 year-old age group. The specimens should be collected within 3 days of onset and the rubella of Weinan belongs to 2 B genotype.