新疆小麦TaGW2-6A、TaCwi-A1、TaSus2-2B等位变异对粒重的影响及应用

Effects and Application of Allelic Variation of TaGW2-6A, TaCwi-A1 and TaSus2-2B on Grain Weight of Xinjiang Wheat

产量是制约小麦生产的重要因素,本研究利用219份新疆小麦品种(系),验证Hap-6A-P1/Hap-6A-P2、CWI22/CWI21和Ta Sus2-1/Ta Sus2-2三对产量性状相关的功能标记对小麦产量性状检测效果可靠性,同时分析新疆小麦3个产量相关基因位点Ta GW2-6A,Ta Cwi-A1和Ta Sus2-2B的等位变异类型及分布规律,为新疆小麦产量性状的遗传改良提供理论基础。219份小麦品种(系)中,具有Hap-6A-A基因型品种(系)的千粒重(44.11 g)高于具有Hap-6A-G(41.87 g)基因型品种(系)的千粒重(p<0.05);具有TaCwi-A1a(43.38 g)和Ta Sus2-B2b(44.01 g)基因型品种(系)的千粒重分别显著高于具有Ta Cwi-A1b(37.53 g)和Ta Sus2-B2a(38.73g)基因型品种(系)的千粒重(p<0.01)。具有Ta GW2-6A和Ta Cwi-A1基因等位变异组合品种(系)的平均千粒重高低依次为Hap-6A-A/TaCwi-A1a(46.41 g)>Hap-6A-G/TaCwi-A1a(41.70 g)>Hap-6A-A/Ta Cwi-A1b(41.30 g)>Hap-6A-G/Ta Cwi-A1b(35.44 g)。新疆小麦品种(系)中,Hap-6A-G的分布频率显著高于Hap-6A-A,TaCwi-A1a的分布频率显著高于Ta Cwi-A1b;其中在新疆冬小麦品种(系)中Hap-6A-A的分布频率表现为自育品种>引进品种>地方品种;TaCwi-A1a的分布频率表现为引进品种>自育品种>地方品种;而在新疆春小麦中Hap-6A-A和TaCwi-A1a的分布频率均表现为引进品种>自育品种。在219份新疆小麦品种(系)中具有高千粒重组合Hap-6A-A/TaCwi-A1a的分布频率表现为新疆春小麦>新疆冬小麦;其中新疆冬小麦品种(系)中Hap-6A-A/TaCwi-A1a的分布频率表现为引进品种>自育品种>地方品种;新疆春小麦品种(系)中Hap-6A-A/TaCwi-A1a的分布频率表现为引进品种>自育品种。研究表明,新疆小麦品种(系)产量相关性状具有较好的遗传改良潜力。

Wheat yield is an important factor restricting wheat production. In this study, 219 Xinjiang wheat varieties（lines） were used to verify the reliability of Hap-6 A-P1/Hap-6 A-P2, CWI22/CWI21 and TaSus2-1/Ta Sus2-2 three on functional traits related to yield traits. Meanwhile, types and distribution of allelic variation of 3 yield related loci TaGW2-6 A, TaCwi-A1 and TaSus2-2 B in Xinjiang wheat were analyzed, so as to provide theoretical basis for genetic improvement of yield characters in Xinjiang wheat. In 219 Xinjiang wheat varieties（lines）, the thousand kernel weight（TKW） of varieties with Hap-6 A-A（44.11 g） was significantly higher than that with Hap-6 A-G（41.87 g）（p〈0.05）. The TKW of varieties with TaCwi-A1 a（43.38 g） and Ta Sus2-B2 b（44.01 g）was significantly higher than that with TaCwi-A1 b（37.53 g） and Ta Sus2-B2 a（38.73 g）, respectively（p〈0.01）. The average TKW of allelic variation combinations with Ta GW2-6 A and TaCwi-A1 was in order of Hap-6 A-A/TaCwi-A1 a（46.41 g） 〉Hap-6 A-G/TaCwi-A1a（41.70 g） 〉Hap-6 A-A/TaCwi-A1b（41.30 g） Hap-6 A-G/TaCwi-A1b（35.44 g）. In the Xinjiang wheat varieties（lines）, the distribution frequency of Hap-6 A-G was significantly higher than that of Hap-6 A-A and the distribution frequency of TaCwi-A1a was significantly higher than that of TaCwi-A1b.In Xinjiang winter wheat varieties（lines）, the distribution frequency of TaCwi-A1 a was in order of breeding varieties（lines）introduction varieties（lines） landraces, and the distribution frequency of TaCwi-A1 a was in order of introduction varieties（lines） breeding varieties（lines） landraces. However, in Xinjiang spring wheat varieties（lines）, the frequency of Hap-6 A-A and TaCwi-A1a was in order of introduction varieties（lines）〉breeding varieties（lines）. In 219 Xinjiang wheat varieties（lines）, the frequency of Hap-6A-A/TaCwi-A1a was in order of Xinjiang spring wheatXinjiang winter wheat. For Xinjiang winter wheat varieties（lines）, the frequency of Hap-6A-A/Ta CwiA1a was in order of introduction varieties（lines）〉 breeding varieties（lines）landraces. For Xinjiang spring wheat varieties〉（lines）, the frequency of Hap-6A-A/TaCwi-A1a was in order of introduction varieties（lines） breeding varieties（lines）. According to the results of this paper, the yield traits of Xinjiang wheat varieties have good potential for development.