基于多源数据的山东省围填海造地特点及发展趋势研究

Characteristics,Tendency and Recommendations of Sea Reclamation in Shandong Province Based on Multi-resource Data

文章基于文献资料分析、官方数据汇总、国产高分辨率资源卫星遥感影像信息提取以及发展趋势研判等方法,对改革开放以来山东省全海域范围内围填海造地的历史发展、现状特征、发展趋势及其对生态环境的影响进行了分析和总结,并提出相关的政策建议。研究表明:改革开放以来,山东省围填海造地累计已超过4.58万hm^2。21世纪以来围填海造地进入快速增长时期,尤其是2010年以来,全省围填海造地又掀起了一次新的热潮,其面积和速度都远远超过了历史水平。鉴于围填海造地对环境和生态的巨大影响,文章提出了加强管理、严格环境影响评价、引入生态环境补偿机制以及建立分级填海评估制度和年度监测机制等建议。

Based on multi-source data such as literatures,satellite remote sensing data with high resolution, official statistical data and so on, this paper studied the historical tendency, spatial dis- tribution characters of sea reclamation in Shandong province from 1978 to 2016, and analyzed main problems,developing tendency of sea reclamation in the future in Shandong province,and put forward essential recommendations.The result showed that since the Reform and Opening-up policy,there were more than 45 800 hm2 sea area have been reclaimed since 1978. And since the 21s＇ century, especially since 2010,it entered a new stage of sea reclamation in Shandong province, the total area and speed of sea reclamation have far exceeded that in the previous period.Sea reclamation in Shandong province has showed characteristics of large area,wide distribution,various types and constant acceleration. In view of its great impacts on environment and ecology, this paper put forward some recommendations such as to strengthen management, to strict environmental impact assessment, to introduce compensation mechanism of ecological environment, to establish a hierarchical evaluation system, to develop annual monitoring system of sea reclamation and so on.