亲密关系中的客体化研究

Objectification in Intimate Relationship

客体化理论提出,女性在成长过程中经历了被他人凝视、在人际交往中被强调外表的重要,以及媒体信息对女性性吸引力的突出等信息,这些直接或者间接的因素导致了部分女性接受以"第三者"的观察视角来看待自己,看重自身的生理功能而忽视了个人能力。当这种性客体化内化之后,其结果就是自我客体化。自我客体化会造成如抑郁、焦虑、身体羞耻感等情绪问题;进食障碍以及与性行为相关的行为障碍。最新的研究在此基础上对研究对象以及研究范围进行了扩展:在研究对象上,从女性群体扩展到男性群体,从异性恋群体扩展到同性恋群体;在研究范围上,从性客体化扩展到去人性的工具客体化。未来的研究需要从文化差异、性别趋同和配对研究三个方向进一步探讨亲密关系中的客体化形成的内在机制及其影响因素。

The objectification theory in intimate relationship refers to taking women as sexual object. During their life experience,women are being stared by other people,and culture takes great importance of female appearance while the media often focus on women＇s sexual attraction,these direct and/or indirect factors make some women accept the observer＇s perspective to look at themselves,value their own biological function and ignore their personal competence. The internalization of sexual objectification is called self-objectification.Self-objectification may increase the risk of mental health,such as depression,anxiety,body shame and other emotional problems; as well as anorexia and sexual behavior-related disorders,such as low sexual self-esteem and sexual self-assertiveness,which might lead to sexual assault. The latest research on self-objectifcation in intimate relationship expand from the female subjects to the male subjects; from heterosexual groups to homosexual groups. In terms of the research field,the content enlarge from sexual objectification to instrumental objectificaion which emphaisis the role of dehumanization. Future research needs to further explore the internal mechanism and influencing factors of self-objectification in intimate relationship from three aspects： cultural differences,gender similarity and dyadic research.