乳腺癌患者不同时期的心理问题及护理干预措施

Psychological problems and nursing interventions in patients with breast cancer at different times

目的探讨乳腺癌患者在疾病不同时期存在的心理问题及护理干预措施。方法选取2014年1月至2016年12月间广西科技大学第二附属医院收治的94例女性乳腺癌患者,根据护理措施的不同分为观察组(48例)和对照组(46例),观察组患者实施综合护理干预措施,对照组患者进行常规护理措施,比较两组患者在确诊期、手术期、放化疗期和康复期的症状、心理改善情况及不良反应发生率。结果观察组患者在不同时期护理有效率达95.8%,明显高于对照组患者的52.2%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者不良反应发生率10.4%,明显低于对照组患者的21.7%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者心理弹性总评分(72.65±12.24)分,明显优于对照组患者的(60.24±9.18)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论乳腺癌患者在疾病不同时期表现出不同的心理问题,进行综合护理干预措施,有利于改善患者的心理状态,提高生活质量,降低不良反应发生率。

Objective To explore the psychological problems and nursing interventions in patients with breast cancer at different times. Methods A total of 94 women with breast cancer were selected at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology from January 2014 to December 2016. They were divided into an observation group（48 patients） and a control group（46 patients）according to the different nursing measures. The observation group was treated with comprehensive nursing intervention and the control group was given conventional nursing. Improvement in symptoms,psychological and quality of life and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups in the period of diagnosis,surgery,radiotherapy,chemotherapy and rehabilitation. Results The effective rate was95. 8% in the observation group which was significantly higher than 52. 2% at different times（P〈0. 05）.The incidence of adverse reactions was 10. 4% in the observation group which was lower than 21. 7% of the control group（P〈0. 05）. The psychological elasticity was 72. 65 ± 12. 24 for the observation group which was better than 60. 24 ± 9. 18 of the control group（P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Breast cancer patients have different heart problems in different periods of the disease. Comprehensive nursing intervention for breast cancer patients is helpful to improve the mental state of patients,improve the quality of life and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions in patients.