近代华北灾民涌入天津与城市边缘区的扩展

The Modern North China Disaster Victims of Tianjin and the Expansion of Urban Fringe Areas

近代华北地区自然灾害频发,造成大量灾民涌入天津,成为近代天津城市人口增长与城市边缘区空间扩展的重要原因。灾民进入天津后,主要聚集在地理位置较为偏僻、人口稀少的城市边缘区,并逐渐形成较大规模的灾民聚集区和贫民窟。灾民的聚集以城郊新村庄聚落的形成、城郊原有村庄的扩充和对城内低洼地带的开发等不同方式改变着近代天津原有的城市空间,使天津城市边缘区空间面积不断扩大,城市居民居住空间的分异更加明显,并与租界形成了对比鲜明的城市景观。

Modern north China often happened natural disasters,which caused a large number of disaster victims came into Tianjin,also led to Tanjin urban population growth and urban space extension.After the victims of disaster entered Tianjin,they mainly concentrated in the remote areas of the city and gradually formed a large number of aggregation areas and slums.The formation of new village settlements in urban-rural fringe areas,expansion of original villages and development areas full of ponds which different ways changed modern Tianjin city space,expanded the urban fringe areas,resulted living space differentiation and formed different urban landscapes contrast to the concession.