全程营养护理在尘肺所致慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的临床应用

The clinical application of whole course nutrition nursing on the clinical outcome of COPD patients with pneumoconiosis

目的探讨全程营养护理在尘肺所致慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者的临床应用效果。方法选取60例尘肺合并COPD综合评估A、B级的病例,分成实验组和对照组,每组30人,通过中华人民共和国卫生行业标准(WS/T 427-2013)临床风险筛查,对照组病例给予常规治疗,实验组对营养正常的患者进行周复筛,对存在营养不良的患者进行营养干预;并对实验组的所有病例进行营养指导、月复查。对比两组患者六个月后的差异情况,检测全程营养护理在尘肺所致COPD患者的临床应用效果。结果与对照组比较,实验组病例营养干预六个月后各项人体指标均有明显增加,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组营养风险筛查评分低于对照组,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗效果实验组有效率达93.33%,对照组66.67%,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);再次入院率实验组为6.7%,对照组为33.3%,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组死亡率为0,对照组死亡率3.3%,其差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论全程营养护理可以提高尘肺所致COPD患者人体成分指标,减少反复呼吸道感染的发生,对降低感染率、再次住院频率有明显效果,可在临床工作中推广应用。

Objective To investigate the clinical application effect of whole course nutrition nursing on the clinical effect of COPD patients with pneumoconiosis. Methods Select 60 cases of pneumoconiosis combined with comprehensive evaluation of COPD A,B grade. They have been divided into experimental group and control group and each group consists of 30 people. The patients in the control group have been given routine treatment according to the clinical risk screening of the People＇ s Republic of China health industry standard（ WS/T 427-2013）. The patients with normal nutrition in the experimental group have been screened weekly. Then the patients with malnutrition will have nutritional intervention. All the cases in the experimental group will have been given nutrition guidance and reviewed monthly. The difference between the two groups of patients after six months has been compared,and the clinical application effect of nutritional nursing on the clinical outcome of the patients has been detected. Comparing the results with the control group,each human indicators of the patients in the experimental group who have the nutrition intervention have been significantly increased after six months,the difference is statistically significant（ P 〈 0. 05）; The score of the nutritional risk screening of the experimental group is lower than that of the control group,the difference is statistically significant（ P 〈 0. 01）; the treatment effect shows that the effective rate of the experimental group is 93. 33% and the effective rate of the control group is 66. 67%,the difference is statistically significant（ P 〈 0. 05）; the hospital readmission rate of the experimental group is 6. 7% and the hospital readmission rate of the control group is 33. 3%,the difference is statistically significant（ P 〈 0. 05）; the mortality rate of the experimental group is0 and the mortality rate of the control group is 3. 3%,the difference is not statistically significant（ P 〉 0. 05）. Conclusion Whole course nutrition nursing can improve the body composition index of COPD patients caused by pneumoconiosis,reduce the occurrence of recurrent respiratory tract infection,and it also has obvious effects in reducing the infection rate and the frequency of re-hospitalization. Thus it can be applied extensively in clinica work.