174例胎儿畸形引产临床资料及相关因素分析

Analysis of clinical data and related factors of 174 cases of fetal malformation induced labor

目的了解近年来我院因胎儿畸形终止妊娠病例的人口学特征、畸形分类及检出方式、致畸的相关危险因素,为制定有效预防及干预措施、降低出生缺陷提供依据。方法收集2012年3月1日-2017年2月28日5年期间因产前筛查及产前诊断发现胎儿畸形来武汉大学中南医院产科住院引产孕妇的病例资料,并随机抽取200例正常分娩新生儿的孕妇作为对照组,利用Microsoft Excel及SPSS21.0软件进行分析。结果 174例病例中,按系统分类第一顺位是循环系统畸形(28/174),发生率为16.09%,第2顺位是消化系统畸形(27/174),发生率为15.52%,第3顺位是神经系统畸形(25/174),发生率为14.37%。单发畸形发生率的前三位分别为:先天性心脏病(25/174),发生率为14.37%;唇/腭裂和染色体病均为(21/174),发生率12.07%,年龄、不良孕产史、孕期用药、毒物药物接触史为发生畸形的危险因素,文化程度是保护因素。结论胎儿畸形的发生与年龄、文化程度、不良孕产史、孕期用药、毒物药物接触史等因素有关,应以预防为主,规范进行产前筛查及产前诊断,减少胎儿畸形的发生。

Objective：Understanding our hospital in recent years because of the demographic characteristics,fetal malformation termination of pregnancy were detected,deformity classification and teratogenic risk factors for the development of effective prevention and intervention measures to reduce birth defects and provide the basis. Methods：To collect from March 1,2012 to February 28,2017,5 years for prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis for fetal abnormalities to Wuhan university Zhong Nan hospital maternity hospital induced labor cases of pregnant women,and randomly selected 200 cases of normal newborns of pregnant women as the control group,using Microsoft Excel and SPSS21.0 software for analysis. Results：In 174 cases,according to the classification system of the first priority is the circulatory system malformation（28/174）,the incidence rate was 16.09%,the second priority is the digestive system abnormalities（27/174）,the incidence rate was 15.52%,the third priority is the nervous system malformation（25/174）,the incidence rate was 14.37%. Single malformation rate of the top three were：congenital heart disease（25/174）,the incidence rate was 14.37%;cleft lip/palate and chromosome disease are（21/174）,the incidence of 12.07%,age,history of adverse pregnancy,pregnancy medication,drug exposure history for the deformity of the risk factors,and cultural level is protective factors. Conclusion：The relevant factors associated with the age,education level,history of adverse pregnancy,fetal malformation during pregnancy medication,drug exposure history,should give priority to prevention,standardized prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis,reduce the incidence of fetal anomalies.