核受体FXR调控SHP的机制及FXR-SHP轴在肝脏中作用的研究进展

Progress in the Regulation of SHP by Farnesoid X Receptor and the Functions of FXR-SHP Axis in Liver

法尼醇X受体(Farnesoid X Receptor,FXR)属于代谢性核受体,是需配体激活的转录因子,在肝脏胆汁酸、脂质代谢过程,肝脏炎症和肿瘤的发展过程中起着重要的调节作用。小异二聚体伴侣受体(Small Heterodimer Partner,SHP)是核受体超家族中的一个特殊成员,在特异的组织中作为转录调节的共抑制因子,抑制其他多种转录因子的活性,在众多代谢通路中起到了负性调节作用。近年来研究发现,核受体FXR通过对SHP的调控来实现其在肝脏的多种功能。本文着重对FXR调节SHP的机制及FXR-SHP轴在肝脏中作用进行综述。

The farnesoid X receptor（FXR） is a member of metabolic nuclear receptors, it functions as a ligand activated transcription factor that plays an important role in the metabolism of bile acids and lipid as well as the development process of hepatitis and liver cancer. The Small heterodimer partner（SHP） is a special member of nuclear receptor superfamily. As a co-repressor in transcriptional regulation of specific tissues, SHP inhibit the activity of other transcription factors, and plays a negative regulatory role in many metabolic pathways. It has been recently reported that FXR regulates its function in the liver via SHP. This review focuses on the mechanisms of the regulation of SHP by FXR and the role of FXR-SHP axis in liver.