基于聚类分析的北京市丰台区恶性肿瘤死亡特征分布

Distribution of death characteristics of malignant tumor in Fengtai District in Beijing based on cluster analysis

目的了解2011—2015年北京市丰台区不同地区恶性肿瘤死亡特征分布。方法应用死亡率、标化死亡率、构成比等指标对不同人群、不同年份恶性肿瘤进行比较;利用卡方检验进行男女差异性分析;对不同地区常住居民恶性肿瘤标化死亡率进行聚类分析。结果男性年均死亡率是女性的1.42倍,男女死亡率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2011—2015年恶性肿瘤死亡前5位依次为肺癌、结直肠癌、肝癌、胃癌、胰腺癌;以"乡、镇"命名的地区均聚在一起,其余大部分"街道"聚在一起,第3类聚在一起的7个街道基本都属于四环里。结论男性女性恶性肿瘤首位均是呼吸系统肿瘤,前列腺癌和膀胱癌是男性前10位的癌种;女性恶性肿瘤前10位出现乳腺癌、卵巢癌和子宫颈癌。无论男性、女性,还是总人群,大部分的"乡镇"聚为一类,大部分"街道"聚为一类,说明主要恶性肿瘤在不同地区的死亡率存在差异。

[Objective]To understand the distribution of death characteristics of malignant tumor in different regions of Fengtai District in Beijing from 2011-2015.[Methods] The mortality rate,standardized mortality rate and constituent ratio of malignant tumor in different people and years were compared,and the differences between men and women were analyzed by chi square test.The standardized mortality rate of malignant tumor among the residents in different areas was analyzed by cluster analysis.[Results]The average annual mortality rate of male was 1.42 times than that of women,and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.The top five deaths of malignant tumor from 2011-2015 were lung cancer,colorectal cancer,liver cancer,gastric cancer and pancreatic cancer.The regions named ＂village or town＂ were clustered together,most of the streets were clustered together,and the seven streets clustered together belonged to the fourth ring street.[Conclusion] The top malignant tumor among males and females was respiratory system cancer,prostate cancer and bladder cancer were ranked the top ten cancers among males,and breast cancer,ovarian cancer and cervical cancer were ranked the top ten cancers among females.Whether men,women,or the general population,most of the ＂villages and towns＂ are clustered,and most of the ＂streets＂ are clustered,which indicate that there are differences among mortality rates of major malignancies in different regions.