学龄前儿童心理弹性模型指标的构建研究

Development of resilience model index on preschool children

目的探讨学龄前儿童心理弹性模型建构的相关因素,构建学龄前儿童心理弹性模型指标。方法 2011年对幼儿教师进行《儿童在园适应调查问卷》调查,根据在园适应情况的调查,选取适应良好组与适应不良组儿童121名为研究对象,对其所在班级的50名幼儿教师进行学龄前儿童在园适应情况访谈,结合文献查阅,采用词语编码、因子分析法构建学龄前儿童心理弹性模型指标。结果采用词语编码构建了43项反映学龄前儿童心理弹性特质的指标;采用因子分析法构建了23项反映学龄前儿童心理弹性特质的指标。经过指标内容的合并与删减,构建学龄前儿童心理弹性模型指标61项。结论采用定性和定量研究相结合,构建了学龄前儿童心理弹性模型指标,为构建本土化的学龄前儿童心理弹性模型提供了理论依据。

Objective To explore related factors of preschool children＇s psychological resilience model construction, in order to develop the resilience model index of preschool children＇s resilience. Methods The teachers were investigated by （（The Questionnaire on Childreffs Adaptation at the Kindergarten）） in 2011. Then a total of 121 cases were selected as research subjects by the survey, which contained well adjusted group and maladaptive group. Through the interviews with 50 teachers to 121 cases, resilience model index of preschool children were constructed by word coding and factor analysis com- bined with literature review. Results A total of 43 indexes of psychological resilience were constructed using the word coding. 23 indexes of resilience were constructed by factor analysis. Through the combination and reduction of indexes con- tent,61 resilience model indexes of preschool children were constructed. Conclusion Resilience model index on preschool children are developed using qualitative and quantitative research,thereby providing the theoretical support for the construc tion of resilience model of preschool children.